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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Way of life/the shared and learned behavior of a people |
Culture |
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6 things that are involved in culture |
Ideas Values Beliefs Literature Religion Material objects and their uses |
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Complex culture |
More variation Less universally shared characteristics |
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Complex culture example |
America |
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10 subcultures (name 5) |
Yuppies Nudists Motorcycle gangs Surfers Neo-Nazis Tech nerds Punks Drug culture Gangs Anti-gov groups |
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Subculture definition |
The way of life of a number of people in a society who share the total culture of the society but also have enough specialties not shared by the society that make them a distinct group |
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All our behavior that is cultural has been |
Learned |
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Not all we have learned is |
Cultural |
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Number of person living within a certain geographic boundary |
Society |
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2 traits of society |
Share a common culture Solidarity as a social unit |
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Cultural traits |
Individual tool, act, or belief related to a particular situation or need |
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Culture complexes |
Cluster of interrelated traits |
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Combos of a number of culture traits and complexes into an interrelated whole |
Culture patterns |
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6 examples of culture patterns |
Athletics Education Agriculture Manufacturing Transportation Eating |
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The belief that someones race, nation, or group is best |
Ethnocentrism |
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3 examples of ethnocentrism |
High school rivalries White supremacists Nationalism |
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What is nationalism used for |
To gain support for war effort |
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Cultural universals |
Learned behaviors that are widely accepted and required by a particular society |
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Example of a cultural universal in America |
Wearing clothes in public |
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Different choices available to reach cultural universals |
Cultural alternatives |
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Learned behaviors shared by members of a particular social category but not by the majority of members of the society |
Cultural specialties |
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5 determing factors in cultural specialties |
Age Gender Religion Occupation Socio-economic status |
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Differences in customs and beliefs among cultures |
Cultural variation |
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Patricarchal society |
Male power |
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Matricarchal society |
Female power |
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4 causes of cultural variation |
Geography Discovery Isolation Basic values |
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What 6 things can geography contol |
Food Religion Customs Tech level Climate Resources |
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Less isolation causes |
A more complex society and the sharing of ideas |
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More isolation causes |
Usually less well developed societies Cultures can become peculiar |
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Basic values |
Things which are considered important and good in a particular culture |
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New patterns of shared and learned behavior are developed to meet needs of the people not provided by old patterns |
Cultural change |
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Cultural base |
All the culture traits of a society at a particular time |
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Process by which one society borrows cultural traits from another society and incorporates them into its own culture |
Cultural diffusion |
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Example of cultural diffusion |
The alphabet is borrowed from the phonecians and hebrews |
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Social movements |
Organized movement to bring about change in society |
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Resistance to change: habit |
Teachers refuse to use computers and can't keep up with the tech, and are unemployed |
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Resistance to change: vested interest |
To their advantage, the oil industry resists going green |
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Resistance to change: religious beliefs |
Devout Hindus refuse to kill animals, causing disease from things like rats |
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Resistance to change: ethnocentrism |
Mu country right or wrong could lead to war |
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Resistance to change: cultural lag |
Social evolution lags behind technological evolution, leading to annihilation |
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Resistance to change: the perception |
Too many problems caused by attempt to change leads to stagnation |
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Shared assumptions of What is right, good, or important is ingrained |
Cultural values |
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_ guidelines determine your behavior |
Unconsious |
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10 examples of cultural values (name 5) |
Independent behaviors Education Controlling natural environment Bigness Freedom of spacial movement Change/novelty Time Technology Physical comfort Self improvement |
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Social norms |
Group shared rules of behavior |
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Roles |
Norms applied to the individual based on their position |
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Example of a role |
A teacher should not date students |
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Folkways |
Etiquette and customs not crucial to the existence of that society |
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Rules of behavior that if violated would endanger societal stability |
Mores |
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Norms set up and enforced by the state |
Laws |
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Norm is considered good and should be followed by all |
Internalization |
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Rewards or punishements societies create to enforce norms |
Sanctions |
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2 kinds of sanctions |
Physical and psychological |
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Physical sanctions |
Concerned with physical well being |
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Example of a positive sanction |
Good grades |
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Example of a negative sanction |
Fines |
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Positive physical sanction |
Money as a reward |
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Negative physical sanction |
Loss of money |
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Psychological sanctions |
Concerned with feelings and emotions |
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Positive psychological sanction |
Ribbons/awards |
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Negative psychological sanction |
Verbal ridicule |
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Formal sanction |
Detention Parking ticket |
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Informal sanction |
Public opinion |
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Sanctions are a form of |
Social control |
