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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The economic system produces
A) food and housing. B) necessities and luxuries. C) goods and services. D) all of the above. |
Answer: D (all of the above)
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Economic systems that exist in nations of the world today are
A) capitalism, socialism, and communism. B) capitalism, socialism, and democratic socialism. C) capitalism, communism, and democratic socialism. D) capitalism, democracy, and socialism. |
Answer: B (capitalism, socialism, and democratic socialism)
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Sociologists study the economic system in order to understand
A) supply and demand. B) rates of production. C) how the system interacts with other systems. D) all of the above. |
Answer: C (how the system interacts with other systems)
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Capitalist systems are known as
A) manufacturing economies. B) market economies. C) industrial economies. D) succession economies. |
Answer: B (market economies)
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Socialist economies are characterized by
A) manufacturing. B) industry. C) communism. D) state ownership of most businesses. |
Answer: D (state ownership of most businesses.)
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Welfare capitalism is
A) the economic system of communist governments. B) characterized by state ownership of all industry. C) characterized by a high tax rate compared to GDP . D) all of the above. |
Answer: C (characterized by a high tax rate compared to GDP)
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Communist economic systems are most commonly found in
A) Far East B) Latin America C) Near East D) none of the above |
Answer: D (none of the above)
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Countries with democratic socialism provide their citizens with
A) transportation systems. B) health care. C) pensions. D) all of the above. |
Answer: D (all of the above)
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Structural functionalists argue that capitalist economies succeed because of
A) the law of supply and demand. B) the Protestant work ethic. C) scientific management. D) freedom of the press. |
Answer: A (the law of supply and demand)
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The American economic system is
A) socialist B) capitalist C) communist D) none of the above |
Answer: B (capitalist)
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Conflict theorists hold that, without regulation, corporations will
A) conflict with each other. B) still pay taxes. C) ruthlessly sacrifice workers. D) maintain equality. |
Answer: C (ruthlessly sacrifice workers)
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According to Weber, the desire Americans have for profit derives from the
A) Christian work ethic B) Protestant work ethic. C) Confucian work ethic D) Jewish desire for advanced education. |
Answer: B (Protestant work ethic)
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Corporations have diversified by acquiring
A) a variety of businesses in different fields. B) the ability to handle a product from raw material to marketing. C) all businesses that manufacture a similar product. D) like businesses in different geographical areas. |
Answer: A (a variety of businesses in different fields)
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Corporations have expanded vertically by acquiring
A) a variety of businesses in different fields. B) the ability to handle a product from raw material to marketing. C) all businesses that manufacture a similar product. D) like businesses in different geographical areas. |
Answer: B (the ability to handle a product from raw material to marketing)
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Multinational corporations are
A) mostly owned by Americans. B) wealthier than many nations. C) able to avoid the laws of many nations. D) all of the above. |
Answer: D (all of the above)
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The human relations school studied the factory worker assuming that
A) work should be emotionally rewarding. B) a happy worker produces most. C) a dumb worker is most efficient. D) management has little expertise in worker relations. |
Answer: B (a happy worker produces most)
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In first studying the factory worker, scientific management theorists assumed that
A) work should be emotionally rewarding. B) a happy worker produces most. C) a dumb worker is most efficient. D) management has little expertise in worker relations. |
Answer: C (a dumb worker is most efficient)
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Lifetime jobs are held by
A) most Americans. B) American men but not women. C) most Japanese women. D) some Japanese men. |
Answer: D (some Japanese men)
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During the latter part of the nineteenth
century, unions tried to do all of the following except A) work cooperatively with management. B) fight for collective ownership of industry. C) get all workers united in one union. D) defeat tariff laws. |
Answer: D (defeat tariff laws)
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Quality control circles
A) are made up of supervisors who inspect goods. B) are made up of workers who make decisions about their own work. C) are used widely in the United States to increase the quality of goods. D) tend to increase bureaucratic hierarchy. |
Answer: B (are made up of workers who make decisions about their own work)
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During the latter part of the nineteenth
century, unions tried to do all of the following except A) work cooperatively with management. B) fight for collective ownership of industry. C) get all workers united in one union. D) defeat tariff laws. |
Answer: D (defeat tariff laws)
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Professions are regarded as
A) primary workers. B) secondary workers. C) rewarding service occupations. D) all of the above. |
Answer: C (rewarding service occupations)
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Today, unions try to
A) work cooperatively with management. B) fight for collective ownership of industry. C) get all workers united in one union. D) defeat tariff laws. |
Answer: A (work cooperatively with management)
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24.
According to Gans: A) Middle - and upper - classes benefit from poverty. B) Middle and upper-classes strive to eliminate poverty. C) The poor in the United States are better off than the poor in other countries. D) The working class benefits most from poverty. |
Answer: B (Middle and upper-classes strive to eliminate poverty)
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The Kuomintang did not retain power in China because
A) they were middle-class and exploited the poor. B) they appealed to the needs of the peasants. C) they were not willing to fight for their beliefs. D) the American government was against them. |
Answer: A (they were middle-class and exploited the poor)
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U.S. government housing programs help
A) the middle class. B) the rich. C) veterans. D) all of the above. |
Answer: D (all of the above)
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Labor unions can be traced back to
A) the hiring of female textile workers. B) the introduction of using quality control circles in management. C) the guilds of the Middle Ages. D) the origin of capitalism in the United States. |
Answer: C (the guilds of the Middle Ages)
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Chinese Communists won peasant support by (among other things) preaching
A) mutual love and assistance. B) oppression of the rich. C) oppression of the poor. D) free speech. |
Answer: A (mutual love and assistance)
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Scientific management is designed to
A) create new products. B) improve worker efficiency. C) improve the skills of entrepreneurial managers. D) create labor unions. |
Answer: B (improve worker efficiency)
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When Chinese Communists gained power, they outlawed
A) free speech. B) civil rights. C) gambling and prostitution. D) all of the above. |
Answer: C (gambling and prostitution)
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The economic system is the social system that provides for the production, distribution, and
consumption of goods and services. |
Answer: True
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The three types of economic system in the major countries of the world today are capitalism, socialism, and communism.
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Answer: False
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Economists primarily study how the economic system interacts with other systems.
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Answer: False
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Taxes are higher in the United States than in Western European countries because the U.S. economy is capitalistic.
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Answer: False
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Functionalists argue that capitalism operates to meet basic needs.
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Answer: True
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Countries with welfare capitalism have longer life expectancies.
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Answer: True
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Functionalists maintain that the existence of unemployment indicates that capitalism cannot work.
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Answer: False
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Conflict theorists argue that the existence of unemployment indicates dysfunctions in the capitalist economic system.
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Answer: False
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According to Weber, the Protestant ethic influenced the American desire for profit.
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Answer: True
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The major increase in multinational corporations has been in the developed nations of the world.
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Answer: True
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Corporations have increased in size by vertical expansion, horizontal expansion, and diversification.
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Answer: True
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Scientific management involves lifetime jobs and quality control circles.
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Answer: False
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The human relations school of management was more interested in efficiency than in emotionally stable, satisfied employees.
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Answer: True
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Unions have weakened in recent years, partly because of corporate expansion.
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Answer: True
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Service work is sometimes similar to assembly-line work.
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Answer: True
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As corporations have merged in
recent years, unions have A) grown larger. B) grown more powerful. C) grown weaker. D) not been affected. |
Answer: D (not been affected)
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Quality control circles
A) are made up of supervisors who inspect goods. B) are made up of workers who make decisions about their own work. C) are used widely in the United States to increase the quality of goods. D) tend to increase bureaucratic hierarchy. |
Answer: B (are made up of workers who make decisions about their own work)
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D)
managem ent has little expertise in worker relations. Answer: Lifetime jobs are held by A) most Americans. B) American men but not women. C) most Japanese women. D) some Japanese men. |
Answer: D (some Japanese men)
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