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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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closed system
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a stratification system in which people have difficulty changing their status
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culture of poverty
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the view that the poor possess self- perpetuating life ways characterized by weak ego structures, lack of impulse control, and present-time orientation, and a sense of resignation and fatalism
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dual labor market
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an economy characterized by two sectors. the primary, or core, sector offers "good jobs" and the secondary, or periphery, sector offers "bad jobs"
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horizontal mobility
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movement from one social status to another that is approximately equivalent in rank
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income
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the amount of money people receive
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intergenerational mobility
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a comparison of the social status of parents and their children at some point in the respective careers
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intragenerational mobility
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a comparison of the social status of a person over an extended period of time
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life chances
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the likelihood that individuals and groups will enjoy desired goods and services, fulfilling, experiences, and opportunities for living healthy and long lives
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objective method
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an approach to the identification of social classes that employs such yardsticks an income, occupation, and education
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open system
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a stratification system in which people can change their status with relative ease
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power
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the ability of individuals and groups to realize their will in human affairs even if it involves the resistance of other
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prestige
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the social respect, admiration, and recognition associated with a particular social status
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reputational method
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an approach to identify social classes that involved asking people how they classify other
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self-placement method
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an approach to identify social classes that involves self-classification
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social differentiation
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the process by which a society becomes increasingly specialized over time
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social mobility
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the process in which individuals or groups move from one level (stratum) to another in the stratification system
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social stratification
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the structured ranking of individuals and groups; their grading into hierarchical layers or strata
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socioeconomic life cycle
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a sequence of stages that begins with birth into a family with a specific social status and proceeds through childhood, socialization, schooling, job seeking, occupational achievement, marriage, and the formation and functioning of a new family unti
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style of life
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the magnitude and manner of people's consumption of goods and services
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vertical mobility
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movement of individuals from one social status to another or higher or lower rank
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wealth
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what people own
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