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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is transnational terrorism?
(Define terrorism. Define transnational.) |
Unlawful use of force/violence by international groups against persons/properties across borders
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What was the impact of the 9/11 attacks?
What is the significance of the 9/11 attacks? |
Impact: US standstill; international economy and psychology
Spurred more terrorist attacks e.g. Bali bombings Significance: First major terrorist attack - shows terrorists are well-trained, coordinated, willing to die, and will target all indiscriminately Also spurred more terrorist attacks like the Bali bombings |
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What is Al-Qaeda and what are its goals?
Who is Osama bin Laden? |
Al-Qaeda means "The Base". Goals: A global islamic caliphate (govt) based on own warped principles, and riddance of the West.
Osama bin Laden had a fall out wiwth Saudis after offering to lead militant army to free Kuwait and was unhappy w/ them seeking US help after. So he started campaigns and anti-state activities against US and Saudis. |
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What is the significance of Al Qaeda? (3)
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Multi-national membership (e.g. JI): Can sync transnational attacks and share expertise, resources and strategies
Bali bombings - "soft" targets such as nightspots, shopping -> attacks even with increased security Deliberate and effective spread of ideology: legitimate cause to justify actions |
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What are the political impacts of transnational terrorism? (2)
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Infringing of rights and privacy - security checks, body scans
Conflict between countries and governments - racial profiling, border checks |
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What are the social impacts of transnational terrorism? (2)
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Tension and suspicion: ethnic and religious; destroys social cohesion - need to bond country: Community Engagement Programme to bond Singapore
Loss of lives xD |
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What are the economical impacts of transnational terrorism? (4)
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Increase govt. spending: to recover from terrorist attacks e.g. Bali; increase security exercises e.g. Exercise Northstar V Singapore
Decrease tourism: 50% of Bali's economy is tourism Decrease econ. activity e.g. people may be afraid of flying, so commercial flights drop Loss of jobs, displacement of workers: Bali's "Kuta Cowboys" - gigolos, men for hire |
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What measures have been taken to counteract transnational terrorism? (3)
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Regional (ASEAN)
International (UN) Nurture environment that censures terrorism |
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How has ASEAN (regional) counteracted transnational terrorism?
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Share information of regional terrorists: enhance information and intelligence exchange. E.g. arrest of JI bomb-maker Al-Ghozi involved in bombing of LRT in 2000 by Philippines due to info by Singapore
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How has the UN (international) counteracted transnational terrorism? (2)
Is it effective? |
Passing resolutions: 9/11 - resos to stop terrorism e.g. freeze financial assets, deny travel, provide safe haven, prevent recruitment and weapons supply, help in info sharing
Counter-Terrorism Committee: provide technical assistance to countries to implement the resolutions; monitor member's adherence to resolutions and strengthen counter-terrorism capacity Has arrested and frozen many terrorists, but effectiveness is restricted by the terrorists' evasion of security and new recruits. |
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How does nurturing an environment that censures terrorism counteract transnational terrorism?
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Take a firm stand; everyone is guarded against terrorists and will not subscribe to their radical beliefs
Public education; posters... (the bonding Singapore chapter) |
