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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Indus River
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river that empties into the Arabian Sea.
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ganges river
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river in northern India that runs south of the Himalayas and into the Idian ocean
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monsoons
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strong winds that blows one direction in winter and and the opposite direction in the summer.
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subcontinent
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large landmass that that is part of a continent but distinct from it.
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himalayas
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highest mountin in the world, in southern Asia.
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hinduism
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religion of India that stresses that one main force connects all of life
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caste system
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social system in which a person's place is determined by the rank of the family into which (s)he is born.
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reincarnation
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belief that people move in constant cycle of life, death, and rebirth.
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dharma
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laws and duties that guide the behavior of each caste member.
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buddhism
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religion founded by siddhartha gautama which teaches that the most important thing in life
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monk
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man who devots his life to religioious.
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karma
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end result of a person's good act and bad acts,which determens his/her rebirth
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four noble truths
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pricipales that rule life and promise an end to suffering
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eightfold path
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basic rules of behavior and belief leading to an end of suffering
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middle way
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way of life, neither too strict nor too easy
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siddartha gautama
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known as the buddha (enlightened one) started buddhism
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sanskirt
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written language developed by the aryans.
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guru
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religious teacher and spirtual guide in hinduhism
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nirvana
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state of wisdome and freedom from the cycle of rebirth
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theocracy
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goverinment ruled by the religious leaders
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dynasty
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long line of rulers from the same family
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dynasty
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long line of rulers from the same family
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stupas
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buddhist shrine shaped like a mound or dome
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pilgrim
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person who travels for religous reasons.
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aryans
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people from central/south Aisa who conquered Harappans and developed the caste system and Sanskirt
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brahman
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in hinduism, universal spirit from which all gods/godesses are different parts.
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penninsula
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body of land with water on 3 sides(michigan)
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colonies
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settlement in a new territory that keeps close ties with its homeland
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polis
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early Greek cirty-state and the surrounding country sides and runs like an independent country
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acrpolis
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large hill where people sought shelter and safety in times of war and met to disscuss issues
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agora
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open area that served as a marketplace and meeting places.
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jury
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group of citizens chosen to hear evidence and make a decision in a court of law
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citizen
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person with rights and respnsibilities in his/her community or country-in ancient Greece,only males could be citizens.
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assembly
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lawmaking body of government made up of a group of citizens
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tyrant
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person who takes power by force and rules with absolute power and authority(form of government is called a tyranny)
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oligarchy
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government in which a few,elite(wealthy and powerful)people rule;olig means few;archy means rulership.
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democracy
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government in which all citizens share in the running of the government 1st democarcy started in athens,geece;demo means people;cracy means power
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monarchy
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government ruled by a king or queen;mono means 1;archy means rulership
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city-state
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independent state made up of a city and the surrounding land and village.
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sparta
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largest of the ancient greece city-states
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Athens
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city-state in ancient Greece which devolped into a democracy;most powerful of the city-states,1st Olympics
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helots
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person who was conqueredand enslaved by the Spartans
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Persia
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area which is now southwestern Iran
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satrapies
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20 states into which Darius divided the Persian Empire
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satrap
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official who ruled a state in the Persian Empire under Darius
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zoroastrainim
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Persian religion;taught that humans had the freedom to choose beteween right and wrong and thatgoodness would win the end,monotheistic
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direct democracy
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system of government in which all people gather and make decisions(vote)on governmental matters.
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repersentative democracy
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system of government in which people elect others to speak on governmental matters.
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Pericles
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great Athenian genral and stateman; expanded democracy by allowing lower class male citizens to run for political office
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myths
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traditional story describing gods or heros or explaning natural events
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Mount Olympus
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highest mountin in Greece;in Greek,believed to be home of 12 most important gods/goddesses
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oracle
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sacred shrine where a priest(ess) spoke for god(dess)
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Delphi
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ancient Greek city and site of the oracle at he Temple of Apollo
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epics
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long poem that tells about legendary or heroic deeds
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Homer
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Greek poet and author of the epics The Ilaid and The Odessey
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Aesop
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Greek slave knowen for his fables
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fable
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short tale that teaches a lesson
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drama
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story told by actors who pretend to be charecters
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tragedy
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form of drama
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comedy
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form of drama in which the story has a happy ending
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euripides
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Greek playwrite knowen for his tragidies
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philosphy
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study of the nature and meaning of life
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philosophers
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thinker who seeks wisdom and ponders questions of life.
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macedonia
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powerful kingdom north if Greece and ruled by Philip II
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philip II
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king of Macedonia;conquerded Greek city-states
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Alexandira
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large city in Egypt bulit by Alexandira the Great
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Alexandira The Great
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general and son of philip II;continued his father's plan and expaned Greek/Macedonian rule across 3 contnents
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legacy
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what a person leaves behind when (s)he dies
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Hellenistic Era
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period of time when greek ideas and language spread to non-Greek people of southwest Aisa
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Epicureanism
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philsophy that tought that happiness through pursuit of pleasure was the goal in life
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stoicism
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philophy that taught happiness came not from emotions
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Romulus and remus
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twin brother who found Rome;babies were resued from the river by a wolfand rasied by a shepherd;Romulus killed remus and became the 1st king of Rome
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etruscans
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people from north of Rome who ruled Rome for 100 years;during this time;Rome became more powerful and changed from a village with huts to a city with houses
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republic
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form of government in which citizens elect repersenitives to speak or act for them
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legions
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smaller unit of Roman army made up of about 6,000 soldiers
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patricians
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wealthy landowner and member of the ruleing class;member noble families
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plebbians
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common farmer,trader,or calfworker;common people.
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consuls
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2 top elected government officals who commanded the army
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veto
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to reject
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paretors
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important government offical
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senate
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lawmakeing body and most powerful branch of government
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tribune
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elected leader who repersented interests of pebelians
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dictator
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person who ruled with complete and absolute power,control,and authority
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twelve tables
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earliest written collection of Roman laws,drawen up by patricans that became the foundation of Roman law.
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Punic Wars
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series of conflicts between Rome and Carthage ending in a victory for Rome
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Carthage
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large and rich city on the coast of north Africa;founded by Phonenicans;fought 3 wars with rival Rome
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Hannibal
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great genral from Carthage
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latifundia
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large farming estaes
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