Social Studies 20-1 Nationalism Glossary

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Absolutism

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a system where the absolute monarch is given the power to rule the land and the people by the divine right of kings. In his actions, the monarch is answerable only to God.

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Acadian

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Francophone descendant of the early French settlers of the Maritime provinces or southeastern Québec

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African Union (AU)

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a supranational organization consisting (as of 2008) of 53 African nations. The AU works toward improving and securing democracy, human rights, and a stable economy in Africa, in particular through resolving African conflicts and creating a common market among African countries.

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appeasement

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the policy of avoiding further arguments or war by accepting the conditions or demands of an aggressor

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bias

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a particular assumption that is evident

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Absolutism

Back 6

a system where the absolute monarch is given the power to rule the land and the people by the divine right of kings. In his actions, the monarch is answerable only to God.

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Acadian

Back 7

Francophone descendant of the early French settlers of the Maritime provinces or southeastern Québec

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African Union (AU)

Back 8

a supranational organization consisting (as of 2008) of 53 African nations. The AU works toward improving and securing democracy, human rights, and a stable economy in Africa, in particular through resolving African conflicts and creating a common market among African countries.

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appeasement

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the policy of avoiding further arguments or war by accepting the conditions or demands of an aggressor

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bias

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a particular assumption that is evident

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bilateralism

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an agreement whereby two nations or nation-states co-operate to pursue each nation’s interests

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bourgeoisie

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the middle class

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Canadianism

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Canadian character or spirit

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circumpolar

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around or near one of the earth’s poles

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civic identity

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a sense of individual responsibility to the community or collective; it emphasizes the idea that every citizen should do his or her part in making the community a better place to live, a sentiment that also extends toward responsibility for the nation

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civil society

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a society based on voluntary civic and social organizations and institutions, as opposed to commercial institutions or state structures that are enforced in some way

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collective consciousness

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may by shared by a group or nation when its members collectively share similar values, beliefs, and internalized feelings based on their shared experiences. A collective consciousness can develop when the people of a nation focus on their identity as a group rather than on their identities as individuals.

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continentalism

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the belief that Canada should seek closer ties with the United States, for example, in the form of closer trade links, energy sharing, or common water-use policies

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coup d’état

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a sudden, forcible seizure of power

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Crown

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the federal government

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expansionism

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a policy advocating territorial or economic expansion

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foreign policy

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a course of action that a sovereign nation takes in its conduct with other nationstates or international organizations

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genocide

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an act committed with the intent to destroy, in whole or part, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group

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Greenpeace

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a global campaigning organization that is devoted to environmental and related issues through initiatives such as promoting a reduction in greenhouse gases, protecting oceans and forests, promoting disarmament and peace, and promoting sustainable agriculture

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harmonization

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the establishment of uniform standards, rules, and regulations

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hegemonic internationalism

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the theory that the world is being integrated based on unequal terms, with the dominance of one nation or nation-state over others

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imperialism

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the domination by a country over another country's economic, political, or cultural institutions, without the dominating country actually seizing governmental control

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international strait

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a narrow channel of water connecting two larger bodies of water and used by many nations

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internationalist

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someone who advocates a community of interests among nations

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inviolable

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not to be violated

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liberal internationalism

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an approach based on the belief that, through greater interaction and cooperation, nations and nation-states can achieve common goals, especially peace and prosperity

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Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without Borders) (MSF)

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the world's leading independent international medical relief organization, established in 1971. Its health-care workers provide medical assistance to people around the world during many kinds of catastrophes, including armed conflicts; natural disasters, such as floors and earthquakes; and disease epidemics & famines.

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melting pot

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a term that refers to the assimilation of new immigrants into the dominant culture of their new country

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multilateralism

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an agreement whereby various nations or nation-states cooperate to pursue their interests and goals beyond their national borders, not alone, but in cooperation and coalitions with other states

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multinational

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having operations, subsidiaries, or investments in more than two countries

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nationalism

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the collective, shared sense of belonging of a people who identify themselves as a nation

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nationalist

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someone with patriotic feelings or principles

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nation-state

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a territory with internationally recognized boundaries and a politically organized body of people under a sovereign government

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Nazi

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a member of the National Socialist German Worker's Party, led by Adolf Hitler

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Oxfam International

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an organization that works in over 100 countries to find lasting solutions to poverty and injustice; it strives to promote the awareness and motivation that come with global citizenship while seeking to shift public opinion to making equality a world priority

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partitioning

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creating two independent states

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nation-state

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a territory with internationally recognized boundaries and a politically organized body of people under a sovereign government

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pertinent

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directly related to the matter at hand

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Nazi

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a member of the National Socialist German Worker's Party, led by Adolf Hitler

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Oxfam International

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an organization that works in over 100 countries to find lasting solutions to poverty and injustice; it strives to promote the awareness and motivation that come with global citizenship while seeking to shift public opinion to making equality a world priority

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partitioning

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creating two independent states

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philosophes

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French philosophers of the 18th century - such as Voltaire, Montesquieu, and Rousseau - who advocated that the supremacy of human reason and dedicated themselves to the advancement of science and secular thought

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pertinent

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directly related to the matter at hand

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refugee

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a person who flees his or her home by escaping to another country

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responsible government

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a government that is accountable to its citizens for its actions

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revolutionary hegemony

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a belief that conflicts within societies are determined by international factors and alliances

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Rhineland

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a region on both sides of the Rhine River in western Germany, including sections of vineyards and industry

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self-determination

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a principle whereby a nation is free to decide its own political allegiance or form of government

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sovereign

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recognized as having the right to govern oneself independently

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unilateralism

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an agreement whereby one state or nation-state acts independently to pursue its interests; the opposite of multilateralism

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United Nations (UN)

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an international organization of nations, founded in 1945 and currently consisting of 192 member countries, that seeks to promote international peace, security, and cooperation

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voyageur

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historically, a canoeman (usually French-speaking or Metis) employed by merchants in Montreal to transport goods to and from trading posts in teh interior

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whiff of grapeshot

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grapeshot refers to a cluster of metal balls (shaped like a cluster of grapes) shot through a cannon; Napoleon is cited as responding to the coup by saying that he would welcome the rebels with this 'whiff'

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World Trade Organization (WTO)

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a group of nation-states that work together to resolve trade issues

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World Wildlife Fund (WWF)

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the world's largest multinational organization dedicated to the conservation of nature; it works to preserve the world's biodiversity, ensure the sustainable use of natural resources, and promote reduction of pollution and wasteful consumption to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature