Social Psychology Chapter 2

Front 1

spotlight effect

Back 1

belief that others are paying more attnetion to one's appearnce and behavior than they really are

Front 2

illusion of transparency

Back 2

illusion that our concealed emotions leak out and can be easily read by others

Front 3

self-schema

Back 3

beliefs about self that organize and guide the processing of self-relevant information

Front 4

self-reference effect

Back 4

tendnecy to process efficiently and remember well information related to oneself

Front 5

possible selves

Back 5

images of what we dream of or dread becoming in the future

Front 6

social comparisons

Back 6

evaluating one's abilities and opinions by comparing oneself with others

Front 7

individualism

Back 7

priority to one's own goals over group goals and defining one's idnetity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications

Front 8

collectivism

Back 8

priority to the goals of one's groups and defining one's identity accordingly

Front 9

interdependent self

Back 9

construing one's identity in relation to others

Front 10

confederate

Back 10

accomplice of experimenter

Front 11

impact bias

Back 11

overestimating the enduring impact of emotion-causing events

Front 12

immunge neglect

Back 12

human tednency to neglect the speed nad strengty of the psychological immune system, which enables emotional recovery and resilience after bad things happen

Front 13

dual attitudes

Back 13

differeing automatic (implicit) and consciously controlled (explicit_ attitudes toward the same object; implicit attidues change slowly

Front 14

two elements that make up the self-concept

Back 14

self-schema and possible selves

Front 15

self-esteem

Back 15

overall sense of self-worth we use to appraise our traits and abilities

Front 16

self-efficacy

Back 16

sense that one is competent and effective

Front 17

locus of control

Back 17

extent to which people perceive outcomes as internally controllable or as externally controlled by chance or outside forces

Front 18

learned helplessness

Back 18

hopelessness and resignation learned when human, or animal, perceives no control over repeated bad events

Front 19

what may happen when one is given too many choices

Back 19

they may be less satisfied with what they have than when offered a smaller range of choices

Front 20

self-serving bias

Back 20

tendency to perceive oneself favorably

Front 21

self-serving attributions

Back 21

form of self-serving bias: tendency to attribute positive outcomes to oneself and negative outcomes to other factors

Front 22

defensive pessimism

Back 22

adaptive value of anticipating problems and harnessing one's anxiety to motivate effective action

Front 23

false consensus effect

Back 23

tendency to overestimate commonality of one's opinions and one's undesireable or unsuccessful behaviors

Front 24

false uniqueness effect

Back 24

tendency to underestimate commonality of one's abilities and one'es desirable or succssful behaviors

Front 25

group-serving bias

Back 25

explaining away outgroup members' positive behaviors; attributing negative behaviors to their dispositions

Front 26

What do we often blame failures on?

Back 26

the situation

Front 27

self-handicapping

Back 27

protecting one's self image with behaviors that create a handy excuse for later failutre

Front 28

self-presentation

Back 28

act of expressing oneself and behaving in ways designed ot create faborable impression or an impression that corresponds to one's ideals

Front 29

self-monitoring

Back 29

attuned to the way one presents oneself in social dituations and adjusting one's performance to create the desired impression