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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A system by which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy
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Social stratification
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A change in position within the social hierarchy
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Social mobility
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Social stratification based on ascription, or birth
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Caste system
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Social stratification based on both birth and individual achievement
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Class system
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Social stratification based on personal merit
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Meritocracy
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The degree of uniformity in a person's social standing across various dimensions of social inequality
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Status consistency
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A shift in the social position of large numbers of people due more to changes in society itself than to individual efforts
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Structural social mobility
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Cultural beliefs that justify particular social arrangements, including patterns of inequality
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Ideology
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The functional analysis claiming that social stratification has beneficial consequences for the operation of society
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Davis-Moore thesis
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People who own and operate factories and other businesses in pursuit of profits
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Capitalists
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People who sell their labor for wages
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Proletarians
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The experience of isolation and misery resulting from powerlessness
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Alienation
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Lower-prestige jobs that involve mostly manual labor
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Blue-collar occupations
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Higher-prestige jobs that involve mostly mental activity
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White-collar occupations
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A composite ranking based on various dimensions of social inequality
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Socioeconomic status
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Buying and using products because of the "statement" they make about social position
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Conspicuous consumption
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Earnings from work or investments
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Income
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The total value of money and other assets, minus outstanding debts
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Wealth
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A change in social position occuring during a person's lifetime
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Intragenerational social mobility
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Upward or downward social mobility of children in relation to their parents
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Intergenerational social mobility
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The lack of resources of some people in relation to those who have more
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Relative poverty
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A lack of resources that is life-threatening
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Absolute poverty
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The trend of women making up an increasing proportion of the poor
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Feminization of poverty
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