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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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socialization
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the process by which people lear their culture. they do so by entering and disengaging from a succession of roles and becoming aware of themselves as they interact with others
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role
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the behavior or set of behaviors expected of a person occupying a particular position in society
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self
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consists of one's ideas and attitudes about who one is
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Id
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By freud. The part of the self that demands immediate gradification
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superego
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By Freud. The part of the self that acts as a repository of cultural standards
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ego
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By. Freud. A psychological mechanism that balances the conflicting needs of the pleasure seeking Id and the restraining superego
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Unconscious
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By Freud. The part of the self that contains repressed memories that we are not normally aware of.
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Looking-glass self
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By Cooley. The way our feelings about who we are depend largely on how we see ourselves evaluated by others
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I
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By Mead. The subjective and impulsive aspect of the self that is present from birth
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Me
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By Mead. The objective component of the self that emerges as people communicate symbolically and learn to take the role of the other
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generalized other
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By Mead. A person's image of culture standards and how they apply to him or her
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Hidden curriculum
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Instruction in what will be expected of students as conventionally good citizens once they leave school
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Self-fulfilling prophecy
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an expectation that helps bring about the result that it predicts
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Thomas theorem
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States the "situations we define as real become real in their consequences"
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Peer Group
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A group composed of people who are about the same age and of similar status. The peer group acts as an agent of socialization
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Status
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a recognized social position that an individual can occupy
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achieved status
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a voluntary status
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ascribed status
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an involuntary status
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self socialization
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involves choosing socialization influences from the wide variety of mass media offerings
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gender roles
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the set of behaviors associated with widely shared expectations about how males and females are supposed to act
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Resocialization
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occurs when powerful socializing agents deliberately cause rapid change in one's values, roles, and self-conception, sometime against one's will
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Initiation Rite
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a ritual that signifies the transition of the individual from one group to another and ensures his or her loyalty to the new group
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Total institutions
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Settings where people are isolated from the larger society and under the strict control and constant supervision of a specialized staff.
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anticipatory socialization
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involves beginning to take on the norms and behaviors of a role to which one aspires but does not yet occupy
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