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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the 4 important parts of a patient history
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Past medical history
Environmental history Dietary history History of present condition |
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What are the clinical signs of pruritis
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Scratch
lick chew bite rub |
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What items should be included on the Derm exam form
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-Record findings that can be referred back to
-Draw in lesions -Diagnostic tests performed - including location performed -Clinical Impression - suspected diagnostic / differentials / further diagnostic tests |
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What is the function of the skin scrape
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Find parasites
Follicular plugs - indicative of increased epithelial turn over (seborrhea) excessive lipid |
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What are the keys to the diagnostic skin scrape
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1. clip the hair or scrape a hairless area
2. squeeze the skin prior to scraping 3. scrape a sufficient area (dull blade) in direction of hair growth 4. scrape to a proper depth 5. search for mites with 10x and low condenser |
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How far should you scrape to
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Scrape until capillary hemorrhage - slight bruising / pinkening
never penetrate past epidermis - no body lives past there |
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How can yeast be evaluated
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Demonstrate organism - skin scraping, impression smear, swab
Hairless area only |
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How do you prepare a slide
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-Take sample (wear gloves)
-Heat fix (Dont cook) -Quick dif stain with no fixative (if tape) |
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How do you perform a Trichography
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pluck 7-8 hairs
grasp firmly with forceps remove hair from follicle place on slide in one direction under mineral oil add cover slip examine 4x - 40 x |
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when do hair cells undergo telogen
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any time when the skin is inflamed
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What is telogen vs anogen
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Telogen: resting hair stage (70-90% most dogs) - spear point on end
Anogen: growing hair stage (90% poodle, terrier) |
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What do you examine under microscope in a trichography
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distal ends for pruritis (broken)
hair shafts - developmental defects hair shafts - fungal infection rods - growth phase root area - ecto parasites (demodex) |
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How can a fecal flotation be useful
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pruritic patients - mites pass through GI tract with no digestion
Demodex Sarcoptes canis Cheyletiella Not a sensitive test high specificity |
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What is the derm data base - NOT optional
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skin scraping
trichogram impression smears fungal evaluation REPEAT at recheck |