Slinger Signaller A40

Front 1

Q1

What is meant by centre of gravity, or how is the centre of gravity determined, on a load to be lifted?

Back 1

The point that it is in balance.

1

Front 2

Q2

What should the slinger confirm with the lifting equipment operator regarding the audible alarm (if fitted) when setting up to carry out a lift ?

Back 2

That the alarm has been activated.

1

Front 3

Q3

What are the ideal conditions for lifting accessories to be stored?

Back 3

Dry conditions and preferably off the ground and hung.

2

Front 4

Q4

Name the FOUR stages of the hierarchy of control for vehicle/plant manoeuvring operations

Back 4

Minimising or eliminating movements/reversing, isolation of area, controlling a manoeuvring area within a larger work area with marshalls, directly marshalling machines through other working areas.

4

Front 5

Q5

When working with slewing type-lifting equipment in a restricted/confined area: a) what danger can be present with regards to the machine’s counterweight, b) when should measures be taken and c) what measures should be implemented?

Back 5

a) The gap between the counterweight and a structure being reduced or contacting the object/structure when slewing.

b) When the gap will be less than 600 mm.

c) Sufficient clearance needs to be maintained or access routes blocked off.

3

Front 6

Q6

a) On hoist rope-equipped lifting equipment, how does the number of lines or falls of rope affect the lifting capacity and b) how is hoist speed affected when the number of lines (or falls of rope) is reduced?

Back 6

a) Increasing the lines can increase lifting capacity (for a PARTICULAR CONFIGURATION).

b) Reducing lines increases hoist speed.

2

Front 7

Q8

On a busy construction site, how would the slinger/signaller be identified to the lifting equipment operator?

Back 7

Wearing special and unique coloured clothing.

1

Front 8

Q9

During a lift, it is suspected that a lifting accessory exceeded the rated capacity. What would be the course of action?

Back 8

The load to be landed and the accessory to be taken out of service IMMEDIATELY and thoroughly inspected or examined

2

Front 9

Q10

Only two legs of a 6 tonne four-leg chain sling are being used. In principle, what is the maximum load that can be lifted with that sling?

Back 9

3 tonnes.

1

Front 10

Q11

a) On the lifting-capacity diagram chart within Section A40, name component A and b) state its function.

Back 10

a) Shortening clutch.

b) Shortens ONE leg of a multi-leg CHAIN sling.

3

Front 11

Q12

What is the purpose of a risk assessment?

Back 11

To IDENTIFY and PLACE control measures on hazards.

2

Front 12

Q13

If radios are to be used during the lifting operations, what FIVE actions and checks must be made by the slinger/signaller before use?

Back 12

- They know how to USE the radio,

- the batteries will last for the operation and/or spare batteries are supplied,

- the correct frequency is selected,

- the signal strength is sufficient,

- allocation of a call sign for SENDER and RECEIVER,

- AGREEING special codes/names between sender and receiver etc.

5

Front 13

Q7

If assisting in fitting a fly jib to the crane, why is it important that the manufacturer's procedures are followed precisely?

Back 13

To avoid any incidents, accidents and damage.

2

Front 14

Q15

When can barriers/signs marking a lifting operations working area be removed?

Back 14

Only when authorised machines are entering or exiting the working area and must be replaced immediately.

1

Front 15

Q16

Travelling with extra-long loads can be more hazardous for what reason?

Back 15

The load can turn or swing and either strike the machine or a structure/other machine etc.

1

Front 16

Q17

Prior to undertaking signalling duties for pick-and-carry duties, describe FOUR actions to be made by the slinger/signaller to ensure their own safety?

Back 16

- Ensure that there's is an easily accessible and safe place of refuge,

- that the area is clear of trip, slip and fall hazards,

- that they remain clear of the moving path of the machine,

- they remain within sight of the lifting equipment operator.

4

Front 17

Q14

The safe working load (SWL) of a multi-leg chain sling only applies in what TWO conditions or configuration?

Back 17

When each leg is equally loaded and within 45 degrees from vertical (45 degree beta/90 degrees included angle).

2

Front 18

Q18

Why are those undertaking slinging/signalling duties generally regarded as ‘safety-critical’ workers?

Back 18

Their actions could have SIGNIFICANT health and safety CONSEQUENCES on themselves and others.

4

Front 19

Q19

Name FIVE proximity hazards which could affect a lifting operation.

Back 19

- Lifting near other people,

- overhead electric cables,

- other work equipment,

- nearby structures, excavations/trenches,

- underground services,

- entrances/exits,

- fire hydrants etc.

5

Front 20

Q20

When working with non-hoist rope lifting equipment e.g. excavator, forklift etc. just before going to attach or disconnect a load, a) what action should the slinger/signaller undertake, b) what action should the machine operator undertake and c) explain why?

Back 20

a) Check with the operator that is it safe to approach the machine

b) that the machine's controls are isolated and

c) so that no unplanned movement of the any part of the machine can occur

6

Front 21

Q21

Name THREE ways that a hired-in slinger/signaller can contribute in ensuring repeat business with the client or principal contractor.

Back 21

- Work safely, efficiently,

- complying with method statements/lift plans,

- punctuality,

- co-operation with other workers etc.

3

Front 22

Q22

State the functions or job role of the following personnel: a) appointed person, b) crane/lifting operations supervisor, c) lifting equipment operator

Back 22

a) PLAN the lift.

b) SUPERVISE the lift.

c) Set up and operate the crane to GIVEN instructions.

3

Front 23

Q23

Why should checks be made to lifting accessories after work has ceased?

Back 23

To ensure no damage has occurred during work.

1

Front 24

Q24

A 1-tonne webbing sling is attached to a load using a choke hitch. What is the maximum weight the accessory is allowed to lift? (Note. The tester may provide a different figure in order to check understanding)

Back 24

0.8 tonne (800 kg). (or as per tester’s revised figure)

2

Front 25

Q25

Before being guided by a signaller for a pick and carry duty, what instruction should be given to the machine operator by the signaller if they lose sight of each other?

Back 25

Stop the machine until the signaller becomes visible.

1

Front 26

Q26

If setting up to lift loads in a pedestrianised area, state ONE factor that needs to be taken into account by the slinger/signaller.

Back 26

Physical segregation of pedestrians from OVERHEAD loads.

3

Front 27

Q27

What are the TWO actions that a slinger/signaller undertakes on lifting accessories during pre-use inspections?

Back 27

Carry out checks according to MANUFACTURER'S requirements (as a minimum) and REPORT all defects IMMEDIATELY.

2

Front 28

Q28

Why must the hoist rope of an item of lifting equipment (mobile/crawler crane etc.) be kept vertical before lifting any loads?

Back 28

The load may drag and further may induce load swing causing possible overload.

2

Front 29

Q29

How does the use of a swivel hook assist in the lifting operation?

Back 29

It can prevent / remove any twisting in any lifting accessories, such as chains, as the load moves and allows the load to be controlled by the slinger.

2

Front 30

Q30

Name FIVE items that should be listed within a site traffic management plan.

Back 30

- Routes for access/egress to/from site,

- Site routes,

- One-way systems,

- Restricted areas,

- Proximity hazards,

- Segregated areas,

- Holding areas,

- Pedestrian walkways,

- Approved routes to specific areas.

5

Front 31

Q31

When using more than one lifting accessory, how should they be secured to the crane hook?

Back 31

By using a shackle.

2

Front 32

Q32

Explain THREE factors that could affect the integrity of a lifting operations exclusion zone and safe movements within the zone.

Back 32

- Barriers being moved,

- unplanned work,

- unauthorised vehicle/plant movements,

- removed/missing signs,

- absent marshaller/signaller,

- marshaller/signaller incorrectly positioned,

- insufficient marshallers/signallers,

- marshallers authority being exceeded,

- marshaller not confident in providing instructions.

3

Front 33

Q33

a) Name THREE different types of lifting accessories, and b) state ONE advantage of each compared to other types of available lifting accessories.

Back 33

The list and advantages are numerous and to be determined by the Tester.

6

Front 34

Q35

Two boom/jib equipped cranes are working in the same vicinity that encroach on the operating radius of each. What actions would the lift plan or method statement normally specify?

Back 34

Co-ordination of the two cranes (via the AP, crane supervisors or crane co-ordinator) and possibly limits on slewing.

3

Front 35

Q36

What needs to be inspected on a quick-hitch coupler of an excavator if attaching lifting accessories for the lifting of slung loads?

Back 35

- That is approved for lifting,

- SWL,

- condition of accessory attachment point,

- security of pins.

2

Front 36

Q37

Give FOUR reasons that may cause mobile-type lifting equipment to overturn.

Back 36

- Excessive load swing,

- soft ground,

- working on slopes,

- excessive load,

- insufficient counterweight etc.

4

Front 37

Q38

a) When is a trial lift carried out and b) name THREE checks to be made?

Back 37

a) Just after the weight of the load is taken on EACH lift.

b)

- To ensure the load is supported,

- level,

- and that the lifting accessories are attached correctly.

4

Front 38

Q39

How can a qualification or card benefit a slinger/signaller?

Back 38

- Credibility,

- proof of skills,

- employment prospects,

- promotional prospects etc.

1

Front 39

Q40

If a load is inadvertently slewed rather quickly by the operator of an item of lifting equipment, what TWO initial effects does it have on the load whilst slewing?

Back 39

The load centre can move outwards which increases radius, and the load can trail the jib/boom.

2

Front 40

Q41

What TWO things should be considered when selecting a place of refuge or safety within a designated plant manoeuvring area?

Back 40

That it is easily accessible and that persons within the refuge and protected from plant movements and other works

2

Front 41

Q42

During inspections, damage has been found to a lifting accessory. What TWO actions must be taken?

Back 41

It must be taken out of service, reported, CLEARLY marked as unusable.

2

Front 42

Q43

The legs of a chain sling should be no more than 90 degrees apart from each other. What happens to the SWL if the angle is larger?

Back 42

It is reduced (causing possible overload)

2

Front 43

Q34

With lighter boom construction on boom or jib-equipped cranes, how does the deflection of a boom or jib affect the lifting of a load?

Back 43

The boom deflection can cause an increase in the radius.

2

Front 44

Q44

What THREE main duties of The Health and Safety at Work Act must employees follow?

Back 44

In summary:

a) Take reasonable care for THEMSELVES and OTHERS who may be affected by their actions.

b) CO-OPERATE with the employer.

c) Not intentionally or recklessly INTERFERE with health and safety issues etc.

6

Front 45

Q45

When a suspended load is being travelled, in what position should the load be situated?

Back 45

As close to the ground as possible without coming into contact with it.

1

Front 46

Q46

What TWO checks need to be made before a load is to be lowered into a trench or excavation?

Back 46

In principle -

a) that the trench is clear of personnel or hazards and

b) the sides of the trench are supported (or machine sufficient distance away) - variations can occur dependant on risk assessment

4

Front 47

Q47

If a load is being travelled or slewed, what TWO possible factors should the slinger take into account?

Back 47

The length of time or distance that may be needed to stop lifting equipment movement and any possible load swing.

4

Front 48

Q48

State the possible effect on an item of lifting equipment if it is positioned on a slope and lifts a load?

Back 48

The radius can increase causing possible instability or inward = side loadings

1

Front 49

Q49

What is the definition of, or how can a hazard be described?

Back 49

A hazard is a situation where there is a potential threat (or risk) to life, health, property or the environment.

3

Front 50

Q50

Polyester webbing slings are coloured and have black lines. What do the different colours and number of lines indicate?

Back 50

The WLL of the sling.

3

Front 51

Q51

a) On mobile-type lifting equipment, what can apply loading or pressure to the ground and

b) name TWO ways that pressure can be reduced.

Back 51

a) Tracks, wheels or stabilisers/outriggers.

b) By reducing the machine's overall weight and/or by increasing the surface area of the weight-bearing component(s)

3

Front 52

Q52

Name FOUR different types or levels of sanction that can be applied (by employers and judicial bodies) to slingers/signallers who do not comply with, or follow legislation and regulations.

Back 52

Verbal warning, written warning, dismissal, prosecution.

4

Front 53

Q53

a) Who is allowed to issue lifting accessory test certificates and b) when are they issued?

Back 53

a) AUTHORISED and COMPETENT individuals. b) After testing.

3

Front 54

Q54

What are the possible outcomes of facing prosecution for not complying with legislation and regulations?

Back 54

Case dismissal, fine, imprisonment.

4

Front 55

Q55

Name THREE ways in which a slinger/signaller can minimise their impact upon the environment during lifting operations.

Back 55

- Efficient working,

- correct disposal of waste,

- prior planning of work task for efficiency etc.

3

Front 56

Q56

What makes up the total (or gross) weight of a load that is to be lifted?

Back 56

Weight of the load itself, weight of the lifting accessories and weight of the hook block.

3

Front 57

Q57

What possible effects does excessive rain have on the lifting operation?

Back 57

- Visibility between the machine operator and signaller can be reduced,

- loads may be heavier, and

-loads may be more slippery especially if using fibre slings.

2

Front 58

Q58

What must be taken into account if a suspended load is being lifted with an accessory e.g. chains, which has extra-long legs?

Back 58

That the machine's boom or jib can attain sufficient height for the load to clear the ground

3

Front 59

Q59

Before guiding and assisting the movement of mobile lifting equipment that is being repositioned to carry out a new lifting operation a) what should the marshaller/signaller ensure and b) with whom?

Back 59

a) That the machine is configured/set up correctly for travel and

b) the operator of the machine.

2

Front 60

Q60

Wind speeds can be variable throughout the working day. What action must be taken to ensure safe working conditions are maintained?

Back 60

Wind speeds must be constantly monitored.

1

Front 61

Q61

Which parts of a slewing-type lifting equipment is the radius (for lifting) measured from?

Back 61

From the centre of the slew ring to the central point of the hook (usually).

1

Front 62

Q62

When undertaking a pick-and-carry duty, explain why turning, even gently, with a suspended load can cause an effect on the machine.

Back 62

A sideways overturn can occur as the centre of gravity could exceed the machine's wheel track.

2

Front 63

Q63

Give TWO examples of where The Work at Height Regulations may apply to lifting operations.

Back 63

- Access/egress to the lifting area,

- access/ egress to placing the accessories onto a high load,

- removing accessories from a high load etc.

2

Front 64

Q64

What could affect the strength of the signal if radios are being used between the lifting equipment operator and the slinger/signaller?

Back 64

- Distance between machine and s/s,

- obstructions such as buildings,

- battery strength,

- external interference etc.

2

Front 65

Q65

Suspended loads with a large surface area need additional care for what reason?

Back 65

Effects of the wind can cause the machine to exceed safe parameters.

2

Front 66

Q66

a) What is the purpose of a Method Statement, lift plan and b) what is required of the slinger/signaller?

Back 66

a) A document that gives specific instructions on how to SAFELY perform the lifting operation.

b) COMPLY with the method statement.

4

Front 67

Q67

Name THREE ways in which wind speed can affect the lifting operation.

Back 67

- Cause load swing,

- can slow or increase the slew speed of the crane, and can

- shut down lifting operations.

3

Front 68

Q68

List SIX typical subject areas that should be covered in a site induction.

Back 68

In no particular order of importance: Access and egress, accident reporting, confined spaces, buried services, contamination, welfare facilities, electricity, emergency procedures, escape routes, first aid facilities, excavations, fire procedures, method statements, plant and equipment use, lifting operations, working from/at height, reporting procedures, reporting structure, restricted/prohibited areas, safety signs and signals, site layout, waste disposal, smoking, toilets, traffic routes etc.

3

Front 69

Q69

List SIX factors that must be taken into account by both the machine operator and slinger/signaller if a suspended load is to be travelled across a site.

Back 69

- The machine is capable and within limits,

- travelling with a load is authorised at that site,

- the travel route is clear of overhead hazards,

- the travel route ground is suitable,

- the machine is configured correctly,

- environmental conditions, i.e. wind, are suitable,

- sufficient help is available,

- all actions meet lift plan criteria etc.

6

Front 70

Q70

The slinger has to use new lifting accessories that they are unfamiliar with. What do Regulations (e.g. LOLER 98) and other guidance require the slinger/signaller to have?

Back 70

Sufficient information, instruction and training on that type.

3

Front 71

Q71

When checking the condition of lifting accessories, why must gloves be worn?

Back 71

They can prevent skin diseases, there may be sharp parts and they may prevent contamination of oil or grease onto loads etc.

1

Front 72

Q72

On the lifting capacity diagram chart within in Section A40: a) what is the type of sling shown in item B and b) what is type of hitch shown?

Back 72

a) Flat web sling. b) Single choke.

4

Front 73

Q73

What does The Health and Safety at Work Act require employers to do with regards specifically to plant?

Back 73

In summary: To PROVIDE and maintain plant that is SAFE and without risk to health.

4

Front 74

Q74

What is the difference between a contract lift and a ‘standard’ crane hire?

Back 74

Contract lift

– the crane company plans and supervises the lift.

Crane hire

– crane and operator to work to customer’s instructions via lift plan.

4

Front 75

Q75

What information is needed when estimating the weight of a load?

Back 75

Size (volume), material type (or density) and structure (hollow or solid).

4

Front 76

Q76

If attaching accessories to a quick-hitch coupler of a machine such as an excavator, give TWO reasons why the coupler should be tilted in the downwards position (ram extended).

Back 76

Prevents fouling of the accessory on the coupler which could restrict movement and cause bending and twisting of the accessory

2

Front 77

Q77

During the lifting operation, part of the task cannot be carried out as detailed in the lift plan. a) What initially must happen to the lifting operation and b) who authorises any changes?

Back 77

a) The operation MUST stop until the plan is amended.

b) The appointed person (lift planner).

3

Front 78

Q78

a) What determines the minimum distances that any part of plant and machinery has to be kept from overhead electricity lines and b) explain why a distance should be kept?

Back 78

a) The voltage of the electricity line and type of support (e.g. metal pylons/wooden poles etc.) and

b) high voltage electricity can arc across large gaps in certain distances.

4

Front 79

Q79

What is regarded as the danger or hazard zone during a lifting operation?

Back 79

The working radius and slew/travel area of the lifting equipment's boom/jib/dipper.

1

Front 80

Q80

a) What is meant by the rated (lifting) capacity of lifting equipment and b) who determines it?

Back 80

a) The maximum lifting capacity of for any PARTICULAR configuration.

b) The lifting equipment manufacturer.

2

Front 81

Q81

If guiding an item of lifting equipment undertaking pick-and-carry duties near an open trench which has a depth of 2 metres, what is the minimum distance to maintain?

Back 81

At least 2 metres (guidance suggests 2 x distance to depth).

2

Front 82

Q82

If the hook block of a hoist rope-equipped lifting equipment inadvertently (accidentally) lands, what is a possible consequence?

Back 82

The item of lifting equipment would be put out of action as hoist drum and pulleys have to checked for rope crossover and rope alignment on the pulleys etc.

2

Front 83

Q83

On hoist-rope lifting equipment, how does the rope or line length affect loads swings?

Back 83

The longer the rope/line, the slower the load will swing.

1

Front 84

Q84

a) What does the safe working load (SWL), as stamped on lifting accessories, indicate? b) what action should be taken if the SWL is not marked on a lifting accessory?

Back 84

a) The maximum load that the accessory is allowed to lift in certain configurations and b) the accessory cannot be used.

4

Front 85

Q85

On what type of loads would a spreader beam be used?

Back 85

Long loads.

1