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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Clenching and grinding of teeth; occurs in NREM II
a)enuresis b)bruxism c)apnea |
b)bruxism
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When does sleep talking occur in the sleep cycle?
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NREM, just before REM
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At what age does nocturnal enuresis occur?
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in children > 3 years old
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In what stage of sleep do nocturnal erections occur?
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REM
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How many hours of sleep per day do toddlers need?
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12-14 hrs/day
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How many hours of sleep per day do adolescents need?
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8-10 hrs/day
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How many hours of sleep per day do neonates need?
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16-20 hrs/day
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How many hours of sleep per day do older adults need?
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5-7 hrs/day
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At what developmental stage do children sleep throughout the night?
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toddler
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What is a common sleep disturbance among middle aged adults?
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insomnia
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How do the stages of sleep change in the older adult?
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decreased REM
decreased NREM III & IV |
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What is the best source of information when assessing sleep?
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the patient
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What is the NANDA diagnosis associated with sleep problems?
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Sleep Pattern Disturbance
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What is the major goal/outcome of the nursing planning phase r/t sleep disturbances?
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The patient develops a sleeping pattern that provides sufficient energy for daily activities
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Name 3 things the nurse can do to create a safe and restful environment for sleep.
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1)decrease environmental distractions (light & noise)
2)reduce sleep interruptions 3)use a night light 4)keep bed in lowest position 5)appropriate use of side rails 6)remove clutter from path to bathroom |
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Name 3 things the nurse can do to promote comfort & relaxation for sleeping.
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1)hygiene
2)bed (smooth, clean linens) 3)comfortable position 4)pain meds and tx for sx mgmt. 5)temperature of room 6)relaxation techniques (e.g., back rub) |
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For what class of drugs is the slang name "sleepers" used?
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sedative / hypnotic drugs
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How often should sleeping pills (at most) be used and why?
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no more than 3-4x/wk
not > 2-3 weeks tolerance develops quickly |
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How do hypnotics affect sleep?
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interfere with NREM III & IV
supress REM |
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How do beta blockers affect sleep?
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cause insomnia & nightmares
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How do narcotics affect sleep?
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suppress REM
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How do antidepressants affect sleep?
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decrease REM
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How do diuretics affect sleep?
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often cause nocturia
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Which type of sleep is important for cognitive restoration?
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REM
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Which type of sleep is the most restful?
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NREM
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In which stage(s) of NREM sleep can a person be easily awakened?
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NREM I & II
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In which stage(s) of NREM sleep is a person not disturbed by sensory stimuli?
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NREM III & IV
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In which stage of NREM sleep will a person begin to snore?
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NREM III
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In which stage of NREM sleep does the body restore itself physically?
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NREM IV
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What type of insomnia is characterized by:
difficulty falling asleep a)initial b)intermittent c)terminal d)imaginary |
a)initial
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What type of insomnia is characterized by:
early morning or premature waking a)initial b)imaginary c)intermittent d)terminal |
d)terminal
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What type of insomnia is characterized by:
difficulty staying asleep a)initial b)imaginary c)intermittent d)terminal |
c)intermittent
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What type of insomnia is characterized by:
observing the patient to have more sleep than they say they do a)initial b)imaginary c)intermittent d)terminal |
b)imaginary
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A sudden wave of overwhelming sleepiness during the day; CNS dysfunction where sleep starts with REM or REM onset is rapid.
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narcolepsy
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What is the most common type of sleep apnea?
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obstructive
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What is the major symptom of sleep apnea?
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excessive daytime sleepiness
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Name 2 problems associated with sleep deprivation.
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poor work/school performance
accidents (MVA, equipment) behavioral problems emotional problems |
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Over the past century, average sleep time in the U.S. has decreased by ______%.
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20%
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Implies calmness, relaxation, without emotional stress and freedom from anxiety.
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rest
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Minimal physical activity with variable levels of consciousness.
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sleep
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Name the 2 functions of sleep.
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1)time of restoration & preparation for the next period of wakefulness
2)necessary for protein synthesis |
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behavior that interferes with sleep
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parasomnia
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sleepwalking
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somnambulism
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Name 4 medications commonly prescribed for short-term management for insomnia (give doses).
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Dalmane (flurazepam) 15-30mg
Restoril (temazepam) 15-30mg Halcion (trizolam) 0.125-0.25mg Ambien (zolpidem) 10-20mg all PO HS PRN |
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How does the ingestion of alcohol affect sleep?
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disrupts REM
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How do caffeine & nicotine affect sleep?
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stimulate the CNS
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