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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Epidermis |
Surface layer of the skin |
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Dermis |
Layer of skin where nerve and vessels lie |
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Hypodermis |
Innermost layer of skin where fat cells lie |
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Keratinocytes |
Located in the epidermis, a protein that is highly resistant to mechanical and chemical injury as well as waterproof |
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Basal cells |
mitotic cells; where tumors form in the epidermis |
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Melanocytes |
Produce melanin, the brown pigment in your skin. All the same in various races, the difference is the number of them. |
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to protect from outside influences and limit water loss |
Function of the skin |
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UV LIGHT |
Most important skin carcinogen |
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SKIN |
The most common site for tumors on the human body; always impacting the external environment |
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Macule |
Flat lesion, small-change in skin color i.e. freckle |
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Papule |
Raised lump, small, less than 1cm (does not have fluid) |
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Vesicle |
Raised lump with fluid in it |
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Pustule |
Raised lump with puss inside |
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Plaque |
area of dry skin |
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Ulcer |
epithelial problem where the epidermis is dissolved through down to the dermis |
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Nodule |
like a papule, just much larger |
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Nevus |
Normal skin elements that are present but are arranged in an abnormal manner. Nothing more than melanocytes that are grouped together |
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Albinism |
Lacks pigment throughout the entire body; eyes tend to look red. Usually occurs when an enzyme is missing that produces melanin |
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Bullosa |
A blister due to the rubbing of the skin |
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Mechanical |
Anything that disrupts the integrity of the skin such as cuts, bruises or a contusion |
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Thermal |
Destroyed tissue, leaves body at a susceptibility to dehydration. Depends on the temperature, length of exposure, mode, and site of the injury. |
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First degree burn |
Least severe grading of burns, edema, redness, may have single cell necrosis |
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Third degree burn (full thickness) |
Most severe, removed much of the epidermis and burned into or through the dermis. Massive necrosis of epidermis and sometimes into the dermis and beyond |
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Second degree burn (partial thickness) |
Blistering, the dermis is spared but significant nerve involvement an edema. |
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Cold |
Your body reacts by dilating the blood vessels in the dermis and the peripheral cells will dilate trying to bring more temperature to the body |
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Electrical burn |
Entrance and exit point- can also not only cause damage to the skin but to the deeper tissue and internal organs |
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Hyperemia |
Acute exposure to the sun over a short period of time |
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Tan |
stimulation of the melanocytes |
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Ionizing radiation |
X-rays that can cause burns much like sunlight; when repeated exposure it can cause the same aspects of a thermal burn |
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Primary (bacteria) |
Occur on apparently normal skin. Typically caused by puss forming bacteria called pyodermas |
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Secondary (bacteria) |
Complicate preexisting skin diseases or wounds and ulcers. |
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Systemic (bacteria) |
spread to skin through blood or the lymph or by direct extension of the infection from the underlying tissue of the skin.
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Impetigo |
Rash like appearing pustules that will rupture. caused by strep- common in children |
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Dermatophytes |
Fungal pathogens that live in dead tissues and cause itching and discomfort; may lead to fissures and scaling |
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Tinea |
Ring worm |
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Tinea pedis |
Fungal infection on the toes and in the toe nails |
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Tenia cruris |
Fungal infection on the ass |
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Measles |
papulomacular types of lesions that can be found over the surface of the body and itch. Somewhat self limiting |
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Herpes |
Localized, blistering, viral skin disease affecting adults (simplex type 1) Pustules are formed |
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WART |
Caused by the HPV virus and removed typically by freezing them off |
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scabies |
contagious skin disease caused by a mite |
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Acne vulgaris |
plugs of keratin that sets up the sebum of oily discharge to where they can't get out and grow and expand. |
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Eczema |
inflammation of the skin with a hyperkeratosis that forms papules and vesicles; itching occurs. |
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Seborrheic dermatitis |
Usually get this on the head or scalp; chronic disease that forms dandruff |
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Psoriasis |
Immune disorder papuloquamous lesions that form scales on the elbow or knees. May develop into arthritis |
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Seborrheic keratosis |
the most common benign epidermal tumor. Presents in the form of a brownish, wart like, flat topped lesion. |
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Basal cell carcinoma |
Most common malignant tumor but doesn't readily metastases. Related to over UV exposure. The growth of basal cells that form pockets |
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Squamous cell carcinoma |
Malignant tumor of surface epithelium |
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Ephelis |
Benign melanocyte that show a hyper reactivity and become more pronounced when exposed to the sun |
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Lentigo |
Sharply demarcated macule occupied by an increased number of melanocytes |
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Malignant melanoma |
Melanocytes or regular skin that become malignant; most invasive and very metastatic |
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Dermatofibroma |
Benign tumor of the fibroblast usually treated with surgical excision |
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Kaposi's sarcoma |
Dermal rumor of the blood vessels and connective tissue and presents as hemorrhagic nodules, often multiple and confluent ; Rare unless you gots the AIDs
Caused by the herpes virus type 8 |
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Paronychia |
Inflammation of the cuticle of the nail bed |
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Onchomycoses |
fungus in the toe nail/ finger nail |
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Hirsutism |
Excess hair on the body |
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Alopecia |
Focal vs diffuse Focal has patches on hair that is lost Diffuse you have baldness Male pattern boldness has a strong hereditary component |