Single Subject Research Chapter 3

Front 1

Anecdotal records

Back 1

Refers to recording the antecedents, behaviors, and consequences occurring in an environment an involving the individual subject; often used to identify and define a target behavior and interventions.

Front 2

Permanent products

Back 2

These are permanent data forms that may be viewed repeatedly (e.g., paper-pencil products, videotapes, or audiotapes).

Front 3

Percent correct

Back 3

Used when the number of opportunities to perform the target behavior may vary from observation to observation.

Front 4

Interobserver reliability

Back 4

Two or more observers record the target behavior independently and simultaneously; later, results are compared to determine if the target behavior is being measured reliably; reliability is calculated differently depending on the method used for recording behavior.

Front 5

Frequency

Back 5

Used when behavior can easily be counted and the length of the observation is constant, opportunities to perform the behavior should not be a controlled number.

Front 6

Rate

Back 6

Used as frequency recording except that length of observations vary; the number of responses per unit of time is calculated and reported (e.g., one response per minute).

Front 7

Trials to criterion

Back 7

Used to measure events (occurrence of target behavior) when the researcher wishes to determine how many occurrences are required to achieve a criterion level of performance.

Front 8

Cumulative recording

Back 8

Method of estimating the frequency of the target behavior using a period that has been divided into equal intervals of time for individual observations; not to be confused with interval schedules of reinforcement.

Front 9

Whole interval

Back 9

Provides a smaller estimate of frequency; behavior is recorded only of it occurs throughout the entire interval.

Front 10

Partial interval

Back 10

Provides the greater estimate of frequency; behavior is recorded if emitted at any point during the interval.

Front 11

Momentary time sampling

Back 11

Provides the roughest estimate of frequency; behavior is recorded if occurring at a specific movement at the conclusion of an interval; may be used to record behavior of more than one individual simultaneously.

Front 12

Magnitude

Back 12

Measure of intensity or strength of the target behavior.

Front 13

Topography

Back 13

Measure of the appropriate appearance or correctness of the target behavior.

Front 14

Level of assistance

Back 14

Measure of the degree of assistance or help required to emit the target behavior.

Front 15

Task analysis recording

Back 15

Often paired with level of assistance recording when the target behavior has been broken down into smaller, more teachable units or steps.

Front 16

Duration

Back 16

Used when how long the behavior is emitted is the primary concern; the researcher may record and report duration per occurrence, average duration, or total duration.

Front 17

Latency

Back 17

How long it takes for the behavior to occur following the antecedent; the researcher may record and report latency per occurrence, average latency, or total latency,