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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Activities of daily living (ADLs)
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Everyday routines generally involving functional mobility and personal care, such as bathing, dressing, toileting, and meal preparation. An inability to perform these renders one dependent on others, resulting in a self-care deficit. A major goal of occupational therapy is to enable the client to perform activities of daily living.
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Activity tolerance
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The type and amount of exercise a patient may be able to perform without undue exertion or possible injury.
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Antagonistic muscles
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Two or more muscles that produce opposite movements (function), the contraction of one having the potential, in theory, to "neutralize" that of the other; however, in so doing, they are frequently acting as synergists in fixing the moving part.
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Antigravity muscles
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The muscles that maintain the posture characteristic of a given animal species. In most mammals and especially in bipeds, they are the extensor muscles.
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Cartilage
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A specialized, fibrous connective tissue present in adults, and forming most of the temporary skeleton in the embryo, providing a model in which most of the bones develop, and constituting an important part of the organism's growth mechanism; the three most important types are hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage
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Cartilaginous joints
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The site of the junction or union of two or more bones of the body; its primary function is to provide motion and flexibility to the frame of the body. Center of gravity- the midpoint or center of the weight of a body or object. In the standing adult human the center of gravity is in the midpelvic cavity, between the symphysis pubis and the umbilicus.
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Crutch gait
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Alternately bearing weight on one or both legs and on the crutches.
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Exercise
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Physical activity
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Fibrous joints
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Fit closely together and are fixed, permitting little, if any, movement.
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Footboards
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A device placed at the foot of the bed in such a way that the feet rest firmly against it and are at right angles to the legs. It is used to relieve the weight of the bedclothes and to maintain proper positioning of the feet while a patient is confined to bed.
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Friction
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The act of rubbing.
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Gait
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Manner or style of walking, including rhythm, cadence, and speed.
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Hemiparesis
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Decreased sensation caused by a stroke.
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Hemiplegia
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Paralysis of one side of the body, caused by cerebral hemorrhage to one side of the brain permanently damaging the opposite side’s motor strip.
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Isometric contraction
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Muscle contraction and change in muscle length. Walking, swimming, dance, aerobics, jogging, bicycling, and moving arms and legs with light resistance.
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Joint
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Connection between bones
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Ligaments
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White, shiny, flexible bands of fibrous tissue that bind joints and connect bones and cartilage. Elastic and aid joint flexibility.
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Mobility
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The ability to move in one's environment with ease and without restriction.
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Muscle tone
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Normal state of balanced muscle tension.
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Posture
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It is usually considered to be the natural and comfortable bearing of the body in normal, healthy persons. An attitude of the body.
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Proprioception
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Awareness of the position of the body and its parts.
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Range of motion (ROM)
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Mobility, the extent of movement of a joint, measured in degrees of a circle.
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Synergistic muscles
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Groups of muscles that contract together to accomplish the same body movement.
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Synovial joints
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True joint, freely moveable and the most mobile, numerous, and anatomically complex body joints.
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Tendons
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White, glistening, fibrous bands of tissue that connect muscle to bones.
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