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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Locus
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a place on chromosome where a gene is located
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Microevolution
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change in allele frequencies in a pop. over generations
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Relative fitness
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The contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of next generation
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Directional selection
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when conditions favor individuals with one extreme of a phenotypic range.
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Disruptive Selection
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occurs when conditions favor individuals of both extreme phenotypes
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Stabilizing selection
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acts against both extremes
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Sexual Dimorphism
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when males differ from females in species
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Intrasexual selection
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ex. strongest male has many females
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Intersexual selection
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ex. showiest male attracts females
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Balancing selection
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when two or more forms of selection occur in a pop.
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Heterozygote advantage
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having two alleles at a locus is more favorable than 1
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Allele
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A version of a gene that changes due to mutation
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Phenotype
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a gene that is selected due to environment
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Frequency dependent selection
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the fitness of a phenotype declines as it becomes more common in a pop.
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Neutral Variation
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variation that does not increase fitness.
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Complex Traits
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are those that are influenced by more than one factor
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Maladaptive Traits
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ex. red in finches (attract females and hawks)
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Speciation
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the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.
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Pathogens
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an organism or virus that causes disease
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Altruism
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When one indv reduces own fitness and increases fitness of another
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Reciprocal Altruism
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ex. vampire bats sharing blood
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Sexual Selection
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a form in which indiv.s with trait are more likely to find a mate
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