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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define sex identity |
A biological term. Childs sexy can be determined through their hormones and chromosomes, showing weather or not they are female or male |
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Define gender identity |
A psychological term A child's gender can be identified by their attitudes and behaviour Determines if child gender identity is masculine or feminine |
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What is the male hormone |
Testosterone |
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What is the female hormone |
Oestrogen |
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What are male chromosomes |
XY |
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What are female chromosomes |
XX |
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What's feminine gender behaviour |
Pink clothes Playing with dolls |
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What's masculine gender behaviour |
Playing football Being aggressive |
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What are factors that could affect a persons gender identity |
Parents Religion Media Wchool |
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What's the Phallic stage |
Frauds third stage of psychosexual development Gender development takes place |
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Define identification |
To adopt the attitudes and behaviour of the same sex parents |
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What's the Oedipus complex |
The conflict experienced by a boy in the phallic stage because he unconciously desires his mother and is afraid of his father |
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When does the phallic stage occur |
The ages between 3 and 5 |
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What was little hans phoebia |
He was afraid of horses |
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Why was little hans afraid of thks |
He though the horse would bite him |
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What did Freud claim that hans was experiencing |
The oedipus complex Sexually desired mum and placed fear of his father into horses |
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What is the Electra complex |
The conflict experienced by a girl because she unconsciously desires her father and is afraid of loosing her mothers love |
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What does the conciois part of freuds model of personality hold |
Thoughts wishes desires we can cope with We are aware of this part |
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What is the unconscious part of memory holding |
Full of wishes, urges and inate drives |
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What is psychotherapy |
Giving people insight into what's causing the problem Making people make a free association |
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Catharsis and when does this happen |
The letting go of psyco energy so they feel better edipus compex when they think dad are going to shop their balls off |
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What's your ego |
The part of personality that develops to serve the id |
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What's the super ego |
Takes on board the morals and rule and norms of society |
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What does freud think your gender development in a lone-parent household will be |
he thinks he/she will have a poorly developed gender identity because they do not experience and resolve the oedipus/electra complex |
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what does freud think will happen to a boy who is brought up without a father |
he will not develop a masculine gender identity because he does not have a male to identify with during the phallic stage of development He also claimed the boy would become homosexual |
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what is gender disturbance |
not developing the gender identity usually associated with ones sex |
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what are some evaluation points of the psychodynamic theory of gender development |
Difficult to test - based on unconscious thoughts and feelings raise of lone parent families - no rise in homosexual population. other psychologists have shown a wide range of people not just parents influence a childs development little evidence - little hans = one child - findings cant be generalised |
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what is the social learning theory |
gender is learnt by watching and copying the behaviours of others processes : modelling, imitation, vicarious reinforcement |
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what is vicarious reinforcement |
learning from the models being eiether rewarded or punished |
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What are some evaluation points of the social learning theory |
+ well supported by research - lots of studies - gender through observation and imitation of models - no explain about children in one parent families without strong role model don't have problems with developing their gender - not explain why children of same sex brought up in same household with same role models can behave differently. one could be more masculine than the other |
