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25 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
image description models
(perceptual organization) object recognition is not due to recognition by components but to stored representations of objects in our memories
covert orienting
(attn) we can select a part of a scene to focus on without moving our eyes
attentional blink
(attn) doing two tasks, you may miss something, but one alone is easy
binocular rivalry
(attn) two different images are shown to the left and right eye, and perception alternates back and forth between them
A constellation so close to one of the celestial poles that it never sets or never rises as seen from a particular latitude.
circumpolar constellation
relative height
(depth) objects that have bases below the horizon appear to be further away when they are higher in the field of view. Objects with bases above the horizon appear to further away when they are lower in the field of view
motion parallax
(depth) as an observer moves, nearby objects appear to move rapidly whereas far objects appear to move more slowly
optic flow
the flow of stimuli in the environment that occurs when an obesrver moves relative to the environment. forward movement causes an expanding flow and backward movement causes a contracting flow
deletion and accretion
(depth) a further object is either covered or uncovered by a nearer object due to sideways movement of the observer
binocular disparity
(depth) retinal images of an object fall on disparate points on the two retinas
binocular depth cell
(depth) a neuron in the visual cortex that responds best to stimuli that fall on points separated by a specific degree of disparity on the two retinas.
law of visual angle
(size) when there are no depth cues, we use the visual angle on our retina to determine the size of an object. s=kR
Emmert's Law
(size) the size of an afterimage depends on the distance of the surface against which the afterimage is viewed. The farther away the surface, the larger the afterimage appears. s=k(RxD)
moon illusion
(size) moon appears to be larger when it is on or near the horizon than when it is high in the sky
anamorphic projection
(shape) distorted shape is diagonally across the frame, must be viewed from acute angle
tabletop illusion
(shape) shape constancy causes you to correct for angles of tables (table must be longer than the image on my retina because of the angle. Table must be wider than image on my retina because of the angle)
luminance
(light) illumination and reflection. amount of light reflected by an object (lightness)
kinetic depth effect
(motion) motion reveals 3D shape (structure from motion)
inflow theory
(motion) we get information from the muscles around our eyes, which tell us what our eyes are doing. we always have accurate information about the behavior of our eyes
outflow theory
(motion) we get information from the plans that flow out of our motor system and then compare to retinal information. We assume that our eyes have only what our motor system has requested
component cells
(motion) signal the direction of movement at a single contour
pattern cells
(motion) combine information from different component cells
anaglyph
(depth) simulate binocular disparity of an image that is 2D which creates depth
low level motion perception system
(motion) element motion, faster, motion before form. ex: random dot kinematogram
high-level motion perception system
(motion) group motion, slower movement, form before motion, ex: occluded jumping dot