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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Damage to the ____ spinal artery can cause loss of proprioceptive, pressure and vibration sense.
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posterior
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Damage to the ___ spinal artery can cause bilateral paralysis, loss of pain, and temperature sense.
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anterior
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The ____ artery travels along the optic nerve to supply the eyeball and other orbital structures.
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opthalmic
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_____ artery supplies the optic tract, some choriod plexus, part of cerebral peduncle and portions of the internal capsule, thalamus, and hippocampus.
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anterior choroidal
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The ____ artery joins the internal carotid artery to the posterior cerebral artery
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posterior communicating artery
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The ____ artery courses along the longitudinal fissure to supply the medial aspect of the frontal and parietal lobes.
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anterior cerebral
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The _____ artery supplies SOME precentral (____) and postcentral (____) gyri.
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anterior cerebral, motor, somatosensory
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Occlusion of an anterior cerebral artery caues _____ and ____ deficits restricted to the ____ limbs.
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contralateral motor, somatosensory, lower
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The ____ artery goes into the lateral sulcus, supplying the insula and most of the lateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere.
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middle cerebral artery
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The _____ supplies MOST of the precentral and postcentral gyri.
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middle cerebral artery
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Occlusion of a middle cerebral artery causes restricted _____ and ____.
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contralateral, somatosensory (hands and face)
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If the middle cerebral artery is occluded on the left hemisphere, _____ may be apparent.
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Speech deficits (Wernickes and Brocus)
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The ____ artery supplies the superior surface of the cerebellum and most of the caudal midbrain and rostral pon.
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superior cerebellar arteries
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Occlusions in the ____ artery effect the superior cerebellar peduncle and cerebellum.
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superior cerebellar
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Medial medullary sybdrome is caused by occlusion of the _____ artery.
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anterior spinal artery
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Occlusion of the anterior spinal artery affects the _____ tract, the _____ lemniscus, and _____ nucleus.
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corticospinal, medial, hypoglossal (CN XII)
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Affects on contralateral arm and leg, touch/pressure, and ipsilateral tongue movement is a sign of ____ occlusion.
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anterior spinal artery (medial medullary syndrome)
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The corticospinal tract is responsible for _____ movement.
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contralateral arm and leg
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The medial lemniscus is responsible for ______.
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touch/pressure
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The _____ nucleus is responisible for ipsilateral tongue movement.
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CN XII (hypoglossal nucleus)
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The ____ supplies much of the inferior surface of cerebelar hemispheres.
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PICA
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The ____ supplies the latteral medulla, much of the inferior surface of the cerebellar hemispheres, and choroid plexus of 4th ventricle.
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PICA
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Occlusion of the PICA causes _____ syndrome.
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lateral medullary (Wallenbergs syndrome)
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Occlusion of the the ____ affects the inferior cerebellar peduncle, spinothalamic tract, descending sympathetic fibers, nucleus ambiguous, and nucleus solitaris.
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PICA (Wallenberg's syndrome)
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Occlusion of the PICA causes ____ because of its effect on the inferior cerebellar peduncle.
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ataxia
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Occlusion of the PICA affects ____ because of its effect on the spinothalamic tract.
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pain/temp sensation
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Occlusion of the PICA causes ____ because of its effect on the descending sympathetic fibers.
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Horners syndrome
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Occlusion of the PICA causes ____ because of its affect on the nucelus ambiguous.
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difficulty speaking and swallowing (CN IX, X)
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Occlusion of the PICA affects ____ because of its effect on the nucleus solitarus.
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ipsilateral taste
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The ____ supplies anterior portions of the inferior surface of the cerebellum and parts of the pons
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AICA
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Occlusion of the ____ affects the middle cerebellar peduncle, vestibular nuclei, spinal V nucleus and tract, and descending sympathetic fibers.
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AICA
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Occlusion of the AICA causes ____ because of its effect on the middle cerebellar peduncle.
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ataxia
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Occlusion of the AICA causes ____ because of its effect on the vestibular nuclei.
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vertigo
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Occlusion of the AICA affects ____ because of its effect on the spinal V nucleus and tract.
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facial pain sensation
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Occlusion of the AICA affects ____ because of its effect on the spinothalamic tract.
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pain/temp contralateraly
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Occlusion of the AICA causes ____ because of its effect on the descending sympathetic fibers.
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horners syndrome
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The ____ branches supply the medial portion of the lower and upper pons.
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paramedian pontine
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Occlusion of the ____ affects descending sympathetic fibers, pontocerebellar fibers, and spinothalamic tract.
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short circumferential
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Occlusion of the ____ affects the corticospinal tract, facial nucleus, abducens nucleus and pontine gaze center.
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paramedian pontine branches
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Occlusion of the paramedian pontine affects ____ because of its effect on the corticospinal tract.
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contralateral movement
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Occlusion of the paramedian pontine affects facial expression because of its effect on the _____ nucleus.
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facial
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Occlusion of the paramedian pontine affects ____ because of its effect on the abducen nucleus and pontine gaze center.
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reticular movement
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The _____ branches supply an area in ventrolateral pons.
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short circumferential
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The _____ branches supply most of the tegmentum of the rostral and caudal pons.
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long circumferential
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Occlusion of the long circumferential branches causes affects on the ____ and _____ tract.
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gaze center, spinothalmic
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Occlusion of the ____ affects the middle cerebellar peduncle, vestibular nuclei, spinal V nucleus and tract, and descending sympathetic fibers.
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AICA
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Occlusion of the AICA causes ____ because of its effect on the middle cerebellar peduncle.
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ataxia
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Occlusion of the AICA causes ____ because of its effect on the vestibular nuclei.
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vertigo
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Occlusion of the AICA affects ____ because of its effect on the spinal V nucleus and tract.
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facial pain sensation
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Occlusion of the AICA affects ____ because of its effect on the spinothalamic tract.
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pain/temp contralateraly
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Occlusion of the AICA causes ____ because of its effect on the descending sympathetic fibers.
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horners syndrome
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The ____ branches supply the medial portion of the lower and upper pons.
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paramedian pontine
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Occlusion of the ____ affects descending sympathetic fibers, pontocerebellar fibers, and spinothalamic tract.
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short circumferential
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Occlusion of the ____ affects the corticospinal tract, facial nucleus, abducens nucleus and pontine gaze center.
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paramedian pontine branches
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Occlusion of the paramedian pontine affects ____ because of its effect on the corticospinal tract.
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contralateral movement
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Occlusion of the paramedian pontine affects facial expression because of its effect on the _____ nucleus.
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facial
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Occlusion of the paramedian pontine affects ____ because of its effect on the abducen nucleus and pontine gaze center.
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reticular movement
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The _____ branches supply an area in ventrolateral pons.
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short circumferential
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The _____ branches supply most of the tegmentum of the rostral and caudal pons.
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long circumferential
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Occlusion of the long circumferential branches causes affects on the ____ and _____ tract.
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gaze center, spinothalmic
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The _____ arteries supplies the medial and inferior surfaces of the OCIPITAL and temporal lobes.
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posterior cerebral arteries
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The ____ sends branches to rostral midbrain and caudal dicephaon, and gives rise to posterior choroid arteries which supply the choroid plexus of the 3rd and lateral ventricles.
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posterior cerebral arteries
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____ syndrome is unilateral damage to the ventra region of the midbrain caused by occlusion of the posterior/basilar arteries.
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Webers
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Webers syndrome results in _____ and _____, alternating hemiplegia.
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ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy and contralateral hemiplegia (corticospinal fibers)
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____ syndrome is caused by damage to the ventral and tegemnetal regions of the midbrain caused by occlusion of the posterior cerebral arteries.
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Benedikts
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Benedikts syndrome results in _____, _____, _____, and _____.
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oculomotor paresis, contralateral hemiparesis, contralateral ataxia, tremor
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Anterior cerebral, internal carotid, and posterior cerebral arteries of both sides are connected creating the ____.
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circle of willis (critical anastomotic
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A ____ is abrupt vascular insufficiency or bleeding into or adjacent to the brain.
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stroke (usually caused by thrombus or embolism)
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A ____ and ____ stroke are caused by a clog or bleeding, respectively.
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ischemic, hemorrhagic
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A _____ is caused by minute particles that occlude arteries and then are degraded.
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transient ischemic attack
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A ____ is swelling of arterial walls usually at bifurcations, which can compress brain structures as it swells or it can rupture.
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aneurysms
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Two adjacent vessel occlussions cause _____ in regions between them.
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watershed zones
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