Semester 1 Mini Ii Histology

Front 1

The non-mineralized not yet calcified organic matrix of bone.

Back 1

osteoid

Front 2

The main organic component is collagen type ___, which cause the bone to stain ____, and some collagen type ___.

Back 2

I, acidophilic, V

Front 3

The matrix ground substances in the form of GAGs, _____, _____, and ___.

Back 3

chondroitin sulfate, keratin sulfate, and hyaluronic acid

Front 4

Thin cylindrical spaces that perforate the matrix and allow for exchange between osteocytes and blood cappilaries.

Back 4

canaliculi

Front 5

___ are responsible for the sythesis of the organic components of bone, type __ collagen, proteoglycans, and ____.

Back 5

osteoblasts, I, glycoproteins

Front 6

The glycoproteins present in bone are ____, ____, and ____.

Back 6

osteocalcin, osteonectin, osteopontin

Front 7

____ are exclusively located on the surface of bone tissue, side by side like simple epithelium.

Back 7

osteoblasts

Front 8

Processes of adjacent osteocytes form ____ junctions with each other.

Back 8

gap

Front 9

____ cells derived from mesenchyme can differentiate into osteoblasts nad if necessary into fibroblasts and chrondogenic cells.

Back 9

osteoprogenitor

Front 10

Osteoprogenitor cells are located on the inner, more cellular layer of the _____, lining ___ canals and as a single layer of the _____.

Back 10

periosteum, haversian, endosteum

Front 11

The ____ is a single layer of flattened osteoprogenitor cells and a very small amount of CT.

Back 11

endosteum

Front 12

The principle functions of the endosteum and periosteum are to ____ and ____.

Back 12

nutrition of osseous tissue, continuous supply of osteoblasts for repair or growth of bone

Front 13

Mature bone cells that are almond shaped with reduced RER and Golgi., and are involved in the maintenance of bone matrix.

Back 13

osteocytes

Front 14

The 3 functional states of osteocytes, ____ with scant RE, mature calcified matrix, ____ with lots of RER, deposition of osteoid in pericellular space with lacuna, and ____ with well developed RER, golgi, and lysosomes.

Back 14

quiescent, formative, resorptive

Front 15

____ are derived from the fusion of monocytes and found in the Howship's lacunae.

Back 15

osteoclasts

Front 16

Active ____ have folded, irregular projections called ____.

Back 16

osteoclasts, ruffled border

Front 17

Surrounding the ruffled border is the ___, devoid of organelles, yet rich in ____.

Back 17

clear zone, actin filaments

Front 18

____ stimulate osteoblasts which in turn release ____ factor that _____.

Back 18

parathyroid hormone, osteoclast-stimulating, increases the number and activity of osteoclasts which reabsorb bone

Front 19

____ from C-cells or ____ cells of thyroid act on osteoclasts reducing its activity.

Back 19

calcitonin, parafollicular

Front 20

___ bone is usually temporary and is replaced in adults. It has an irregular array of collagen, ____ mineral content and abundance of _____.

Back 20

primary (woven), lower, osteocytes

Front 21

___ bone is dense and forms the outer shell, while ___ bone has interconnecting cavities, and forms the internal struts.

Back 21

compact, spongy, trabecular or cancellous

Front 22

____ bone is composed of parallel or concentric lamellar of collagen with a calcified matrix.

Back 22

secondary

Front 23

____ is found in the sternum, ribs, and epiphyses of long bones.

Back 23

red bone marrow

Front 24

___ is found in the diaphyseal cavity of long bones and stores mainly fat.

Back 24

yellow bone marrow

Front 25

____ formation occurs in spaces between trabeculae of spongy bone.

Back 25

blood cell

Front 26

___ are located around the marrow cavity, and ____ are located immediately beneath the peristoneum.

Back 26

Inner circumferential lamellae, outer circumferential lamellae

Front 27

___ are lamellae left by haversian systems destroyed during growth and remodeling of bone.

Back 27

interstitial lamellae

Front 28

The bulk of of compact bone that contains blood vessels, nerves, and loose CT.

Back 28

osteon or haversian system

Front 29

Bundles of peristoeal collagen fibers that penetrate the bone matrix, binding the periosteum to bone.

Back 29

Sharpey's fibers

Front 30

Bone only grows by ____ means.

Back 30

appositional

Front 31

The ____ facilitates the exchange of ions between the hydroyapatite crystal and the body fluids.

Back 31

hydration shell

Front 32

The ___ zone consists of hyaline cartilafe without morphological changes in the cell.

Back 32

resting

Front 33

In the ___ zone, chondrocytes divide rapidly and form columns of stacked cells parallel to the long axis of the bone.

Back 33

proliferative

Front 34

The ___ zone contains large chondrocytes whose cytoplasm has accumulated cytoplasm.

Back 34

hypertrophic cartilage

Front 35

Simultaneously with the death of chondrocytes in the ____ zone, the thin septa of carilage matrix becomes calcified by the deposits of hydroxyapatite.

Back 35

calcified cartilage

Front 36

In the ___ zone, bone tissue, blood capillaries, osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblasts form, and ultimately bone matrix is deposited.

Back 36

ossification