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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The more particles an object has at a given temperature the more................(what kind of energy)
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thermal energy
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How does heat transfer
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warm objects to colder objects
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Define heat?
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the movement from a warm object to a cooler object
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The particles in objects at higher temperatures are moving
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faster than particles in objects at lower temperatures
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In a hydroelectric plant the mechanical energy in moving water is transformed into
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electrical energy
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In organisms cells obtain energy by .......
breaking bonds releases............... |
1.breaking bonds
2. chemical energy |
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Anything that is moving has
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kinetic energy
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what is work
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work is done on an object when a force eerted on an object causes object to move
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energy is measured in
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joules
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in a system when energy is transformed from one form to another the total energy is
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conserved
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when you rub ur hands together energy you use friction to
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transform mechanical energy into thermal energy
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an objects mechanical energy is calculated by adding its
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kinetic energy and potential energies
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.On a graph showing distance versus time, a horizontal line represents an object
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that is not moving at all.
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The steepness of a line on a graph is called the
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slope.
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When you know both the speed and direction of an object’s motion
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you know the velocity of the object
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At the end of a roller coaster ride the brakes are applied and the coaster
quickly comes to a stop. In this example the kinetic energy that the coaster had is converted to |
thermal energy.
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In speed vs. time graphs, a straight line shows that
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acceleration is constant
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To determine the acceleration of an object moving in a straight line
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you must calculate the change in its speed during each unit of time.
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The amount of matter in an object is called its
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mass
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The force of gravity on a person or object at the surface of a planet is
known as |
weight.
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The law of universal gravitation states that
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any two objects in the universe
that have mass, without exception, attract each other. |
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__________relies on gathering and evaluating evidence.
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Objective reasoning
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You are investigating the numbers and types of birds in your neighborhood.
If you watch a bird feeder to see which birds appear, you are |
observing
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.Being able to identify good sources of scientific information and apply the
knowledge to problems in your life is a part of having |
scientific literacy
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You would measure mass using a
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balance
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You would use cubic centimeters to measure the volume of a small
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cardboard box
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You would use a spring scale to measure the weight of an
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orange
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Electromagnetic waves can transfer energy without a
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medium
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Electromagnetic waves have
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electrical properties and some magnetic
properties |
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Observations that deal with descriptions that cannot be expressed in
numbers are called |
qualitative observations.
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.Radio waves are electromagnetic waves that have the
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lowest frequency
and the longest wavelength |
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The electromagnetic waves with the highest frequencies are called
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gamma
rays. |
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Sound travels the fastest through
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steel
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The bending of light rays as they enter a new medium is called
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refraction
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When light passes from air into water the light
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slows down
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The total energy of all the particles in a substance is called
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thermal energy
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A measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles in an
object is called |
tempature
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.No more energy can be removed from matter at
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absolute zero.
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Heat is the transfer of
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thermal energy
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Heat is transferred from one particle of matter to another without the
movement of matter itself in a process called |
conduction
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Heated air moves from baseboard heaters to the rest of a room in a process
called |
convection.
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The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves is called
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radiation
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Heat is transferred from one particle to another within an object or
between two objects in a process called |
conduction
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The ability to do work or cause change is called
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energy
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In a system, when energy is transformed from one form to another,total energy is
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conserved.
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what does law of conservation of energy states
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that when one form of energy is
transformed to another no energy is destroyed in the process. |
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Clara placed an empty mug on the table and poured hot tea into the mug.
When she went to pick up the mug it was too hot to hold.is an example of what? |
This is an
example of conduction between the tea and the mug. |
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Which has more thermal energy? – 1 liter of water at 15 degrees, 2 liters of
water at 40 degrees, 1 liter of water at 80 degrees,, 2 liters of water at 80 degrees. |
, 2 liters of water at 80
degrees. |
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A soccer ball that has just been kicked and is rolling across a flat field has energy only.
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kinetic
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If something is not moving, it has no energy.
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kinetic
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Unlike kinetic energy, potential energy is
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stored
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The energy associated with motion is called energy.
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kinetic
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Potential energy that depends on height is called
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gravitational potential
energy |
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If a bicyclist travels 30 km in 2 hrs, her average speed is?
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15 km /hr
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A place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in
motion is called |
a reference point.
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The basic SI unit of length is the
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meter
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When an object’s position relative to another object is changing, it is in
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motion
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The International System of Units is used by scientists all over
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the world
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An example of deceleration would be an object that is
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slowing down
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An object changing direction is an example of
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acceleration
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The SI unit of acceleration is
2 |
m/s
2 |
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The rate at which velocity changes is called
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acceleration
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A car starts from a stopped position at a red light. At the end of 30 sec, its
speed is 20 m/s. What is the acceleration of the car? |
.6 m/s2
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.Friction would be between two rough surfaces rather than two smooth surfaces.
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greatest
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The force that one surface exerts on another when the two rub against each other is called
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friction
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Normal force is an example of a
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contact force
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is described by its strength and direction.
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force
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In physical science, a push or a pull is called a
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force
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According to Newton’s second law of Motion, decreasing the mass of a go kart will increase
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acceleration of go cart
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According to Newton’s third law of motion, when a hammer strikes and exerts force on a nail, the nail exerts an
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an equal and opposite force on the
hammer. |
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FM signals travel
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as changes in the frequency of the wave
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You are investigating a certain plant’s ability to grow. The amount of sun the plant gets, the amount of water the plant gets, and the amount of fertilizer the plant gets provide helpful data. What is not necessary for the investigation?
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The scientific name of the
plant is not necessary for the investigation. |
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A force is described by
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its strength and direction.
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An example of thinking scientifically about a topic
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if finding out how bicycles work.
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describes an observed pattern in nature without attempting to explain it.
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A scientific law
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The greater the mass of an object,
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the greater its inertia.
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Forces can be added together
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only if they are acting on the same object
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When two forces act in the same direction
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their strengths are added.
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All substances are composed of particles called atoms. This statement is an example of?
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a scientific theory
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Most scientists base their climate predictions on
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computer models.
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A model can be a
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drawing or 3-dimensional representation.
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When you run, your heart receives a signal to pump faster. In your body’s circulatory system, this signal is an example of
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feedback.
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A characteristic of the scientific method would be that science is based on
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objective analysis of experimental data.
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Making a statement or claim about what will happen in the future based on past experience or evidence is called
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predicting.
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Explaining or interpreting the things you observe based on reasoning from what you already know is called
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inferring
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When observations deal with amounts or numbers they are called
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quantitative observations.
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An example of (blank) would be when doctors try to stop the spread of malaria in poor countries.
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social concerns
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It is important for people to understand scientific principles and to think scientifically in order for them
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to make informed decisions.
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Sandra went on a 15 km bike ride. How many meters did she ride? Convert from km to meters.
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15,000 meters
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The fossils of dinosaurs of the same species were found in Siberia and in England. Determining that the rocks where each of these fossils were found are approximately the same age is an example of
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a scientific explanation
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During a controlled experiment, if you purposely change the temperature to test a hypothesis, the temperature is called the
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independent variable.
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A possible answer to a scientific question is called a
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hypothesis.
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A line graph shows how the dependent variable changes in response to the
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independent variable.
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In a vacuum, all electromagnetic waves have the
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same speed.
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A packet of light energy is called a
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photon
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An electromagnetic wave from the sun travels through space at the
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speed of light.
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Light that has passed through a polarizing filter is called
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polarized light.
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The range of electromagnetic waves placed in a certain order is called the
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electromagnetic spectrum.
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An image of a distant object caused by refraction of light is called a
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mirage.
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Visible light has a higher frequency than
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infrared rays.
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