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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
PRODROMAL PHASE: |
subjective feeling or sensation that may serve as a warning sign of seizure onset for those who experience it |
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AURAL PHASE |
considered an early part of the seizure |
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ICTAL PHASE |
most people are familiar with and would identify as a seizure which manifests in different ways for each person with epilepsy |
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POST ICTAL PHASE |
recovery period following a seizure where some people recover immediately, while others may require minutes, hours or days to feel like they’re back at their baseline. |
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Simple Partial Seizure |
No impairment of consciousness. Usually last for 20-60 sec |
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Complex Partial Seizure |
Most common and consciousness may be impaired. Usually last for 30 sec–2 min |
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Partial w/ Secondarily Generalized Seizure |
Simple or complex that may evolve in generalize seizures |
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TONIC |
Sudden stiffness or tension in the muscles of the arms, legs or trunk that lasts about 20 second |
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CLONIC |
Repeated jerking movements of the arms and legs on one or both sides of the body, sometimes with numbness or tingling |
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Tonic-Clonic (Grand Mal) |
Characterized by sudden loss of consciousness followed by sustained contraction of muscles (tonic – 1 min) then series of jerks (clonic-2-4min) |
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ATONIC DROP ATTACKS |
Characterized by sudden loss of postural tone and head drops for few seconds or drop to ground. |
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EPILEPTIC SPASMS |
sudden flexion, extension or mixed flexion-extension of proximal and truncal muscles, lasting 1-2 seconds |
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ABSENCE SEIZURES |
Brief episodes of unconsciousness (4–20 seconds, usually <10 seconds) with no warning and immediate resumption of consciousness (no postictal abnormality). |
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GENERALIZED SEIURES (general onset) |
Affects the whole brain. |
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Partial seizures ( focal brain region) |
Begin foscally in the cortex |
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Epilepsy |
common neurologic disorder affecting -0.5-1% of the population worldwide. • Characterized by recurrent seizures often accompanied by episodes of unconsciousness and / or amnesia. |
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Seizure |
transcient alteration in behaviour because of disordered firing of groups od brain neurons. |
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Convulsion |
involuntary, violent and spasmodic / prolonged contraction of the skeletetal muscle |
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Behavior arrest |
characterized by a decrease in amplitude and/or rate or arrest of ongoing motor activity during the seizure. Because brief _________ is common and difficult to identify at the start of many seizures, the arrest must be persistent and dominant through the entire seizure. |
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Status epilepticus |
Abnormal electrical activity in the brain that lasts longer than 5 minutes, or having more than 1 seizure within a 5 minutes period, without returning to a normal level of consciousness between episodes is called |
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Convulsive status epilictus |
Status epilepticus with convulsions may be more likely to lead to long-term injury. Convulsions may involve jerking motions, grunting sounds, drooling, and rapid eye movements. |
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Nonconvulsive status epilictus |
People with this type may appear confused or look like they're daydreaming. They may be unable to speak and may be behaving in an irrational way. |
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LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME |
A type of epilepsy with multiple different types of seizures, particularly tonic (stiffening) and atonic (drop) seizures. |
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LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME |
Intellectual development is usually delayed and often worsens over time. Behavioral problems, including hyperactivity, agitation, aggression and autism, are common. |
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Lennox-gastaut syndrome |
is a type of “epileptic encephalopathy.” |
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Lennox-gastaut syndrome |
Accounts for only 2 to 5% of childhood epilepsies. |
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Dravet syndrome |
(Severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy) is a rare genetic epileptic encephalopathy characterized by diverse generalized and focal seizure types, including myoclonic seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, absence seizures, atonic seizures, and one-sided hemi-convulsive and focal seizures. |
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Dravet's syndrome |
are caused by mutation in the SCN1A gene, which is required for the proper function of brain cells. |
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Mild seizures |
use of a single drug is preferred ( Monotherapy) |
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Hard-To-Control Seizures |
multiple drugs are usually used simultaneously (Multidrug therapy) • Treatment is Palliative |
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temporal lobe resection |
The most commonly performed epilepsy surgery is ___________ for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy; extratemporal cortical resection, when indicated, is less successful. |
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Convulsive status epilepticus |
consisting of repeated generalized tonic-clonic seizures with persistent postictal depression of neurologic function between seizures |
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Nonconvulsive status epilepticus |
persistent change in behavior or mental processes with continuous epileptiform EEG but without major motor signs |
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Focal status epilepticus |
with or without altered awareness |
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IV Diazepam/Lorazepam is the DOC |
For Absence Seizures going into status epilepticus: |
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Teratogenicity |
Most women with epilepsy who become pregnant require continued antiseizure drug therapy for seizure control. |