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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Amalgamation |
The process or result of uniting or consolidating things. |
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August Vollmer |
A police reformer known for his strong support for higher education and professionalism in policing. |
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Beat |
The geographical territory to which a patrol officer is assigned. |
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Civil Service |
A system of government service employment based on merit and examinations rather than on political patronage. |
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Code of Hammurabi |
A set of laws developed by Babylonian King Hammurabi that date back to the 18th century BC; the earliest written legal code known. |
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Decentralized |
Not having a single administrative center. |
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Frankpledge System |
A system of policing used in England during the Early Middle Ages whereby communities were divided into small groups (tithings) that were collectively responsible for the conduct of all members. |
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Hue and Cry |
A calling out to the members of a community in order to collectively pursue a criminal, as was mandated under old English law. |
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Hundred |
A unit of ten tithings (or 100 households) under the old English Frankpledge system. |
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Kin Policing |
An ancient system of law enforcement where law enforcement responsibility was held by all citizens, and everyone was responsible for the conduct of their extended families. |
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Magna Carta |
A charter of liberties that the English Barons forced King John to sign in 1215. |
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Mosaic Code |
The ancient code of laws that, according to the Old Testament, were given by God to Moses. |
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Mutual Pledge System |
Another name for the Frankpledge System. |
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Nationalization |
To bring under the control of a nation, such as the government of the United States. |
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O. W. Wilson |
An influential leader in policing, popularizing the idea of police professionalism that would shape policing in America for decades to come. |
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Parish |
A church based administrative division of territory; corresponds to a county in modern usage. |
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Political Era |
A period during the Nineteenth Century when policing in America's large urban centers was defined by political patronage and graft and corruption were rampant. |
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Posse Comitatus |
A Latin legal phrase meaning the "power of the county;" a group of all able bodied men that the sheriff could summon to give chase to a fugitive. |
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Preventive Patrol |
A policing strategy base on the idea that officers in highly visible uniforms and vehicles will deter crime by their mere presence in the community. |
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Proactive |
Controlling a situation by causing something to happen rather than responding to an event after it has happened. |
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Reactive |
Acting in response to a situation rather than creating it or controlling it; the opposite of proactive. |
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Reform Era |
A period beginning in the early 1900s when police professionalism became the dominate paradigm of policing in the United States. |
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Sheriff |
The chief law enforcement officer of a county; the office originated in feudal England as the shire-reeve. |
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Shire |
An old english term for a geographical area equivalent to a modern county. |
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Shire-reeve |
An English office during fuedal times that evolved into the modern office of sheriff. |
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Tithing |
A group of ten families under the mutual pledge system. |
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Tithingman |
A man elected to preside over a tithing (a group of ten families) under the mutual pledge system. |
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Watch and Ward |
A policing system used in Medieval English towns where community members were appointed to serve as guards during the day (the ward) and at night (the watch). |