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93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
ACID
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Substance containing a hydrogen ion that can be liberated or released
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ACIDOSIS
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Condition characterized by a proportionate excess of hydrogen ions in the extracellular fluid, in which the pH falls below 7.35
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AEROBIC
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Requires oxygen to live and grow
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AGGLUTININ
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An antibody that causes a clumping of specific antigens
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ALKALOSIS
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Condition, characterized by a proportionate lack of hydrogen ions in the extracellular fluid concentration, in which the pH exceeds 7.45
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ANAEROBIC
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Live without oxygen
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ANION
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Negative charged ion
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ANTIBODY
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Immunoglobin produced by the body in response to a specific antigen
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ANTIGEN
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Foreign material capable of inducing a specific immune response
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ASEPSIS
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Absence of disease-producing microorganisms; using methods to prevent infection
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BACTERIOCIDAL
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The destruction or dessolution of bacteria
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BACTERIOSTATIC
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Inhibiting the growth of bacteria
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BASE
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An alkali, a substance that can accept or trap H+ ions.
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BUFFER
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Substance that prevents body fluid from becoming overly acid or alkaline
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CARMINATIVE
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A agent that helps to prevent gas formation in the gastrointestinal tract
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CATHARTICS
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Medications that strongly increases gastrointestinal motility and promotes defecation
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CATHETERIZATION
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Use or passage of a catheter.
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CATIONS
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Positive charged ions
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CHOLECYSTECTOMY
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Surgical removal of the gallbladder
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COLLOID OSMOTIC PRESSURE
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Pressure exerted by plasma proteins on permeable membranes in the body; synonym for oncotic pressure
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COLOSTOMY
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An opening into the colon that permits feces to exit through the stoma
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CONSTIPATION
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Passage of dry, hard, fecal material
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DEFECATION
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Emptying of the intestinal tract; synonym for bowel movement
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DEHISCENCE
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Separation of the layers of a surgical wound; may be partial, superficial, or complete disruption of the surgical wound
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DEHYDRATION
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Decreased water volume in body tissue. This refers to loss of water alone with increased serum sodium levels.
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DIFFUSION
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Tendency of solutes to move freely throughout a solvent from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is established
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DISINFECTION
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Process used to destroy microorganisms; destroys all pathogenic organisms except spores
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DIURESIS
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The secretion and passage of large amounts of urine
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DYSURIA
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Difficulty in voiding; may or may not be associated with pain
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EDEMA
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Accumulation of fluid in extracellular spaces
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ELECTROLYTES
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Substance capable of breaking into ions and developing an electric charge when dissolved in solution
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ENDOGENOUS
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Produced or originating from within a cell or organism.
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ENEMA
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procedure of introducing liquids into the rectum and colon via the anus
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ERYTHROPOIETIN
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A cytokine made by the kidneys that stimulates the proliferation of red blood cells.
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EVISCERATION
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Protrusion of viscera through an incision
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EXOGENOUS
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Originating outside an organ or part
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EXTRACELLULAR FLUIDS
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Fluid outside the cells; includes intravascular and interstitial fluids
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FECAL IMPACTION
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Collection in the rectum of hardened feces that cannot be passed
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FILTRATION
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Passage of a fluid through a permeable membrane whose spaces do not allow certain solutes to pass; passage is from an area of higher pressure to one of lower pressure
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FLATULENCE
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Excessive formation of gases in the gastrointestinal tract
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FLATUS
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Intestinal gas
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FUNGICIDE
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An agent that kills fungi and their spores
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GRANULATION TISSUE
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New tissue that is pink/red in color and composed of fibroblasts and small blood vessels that fill an open wound when it starts to heal
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HEMORRHOIDS
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Abnormally distended rectal veins
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HOMEOSTASIS
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Various physiologic and psychological mechanisms respond to changes in the internal and external environment to maintain a balanced state
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HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
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Force exerted by a fluid against the container wall
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HYPERCALCEMIA
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Excess of calcium in the extracellular fluid
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HYPERKALEMIA
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Excess of potassium in the extracellular fluid
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HYPERMAGNESEMIA
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Excess of magnesium in the extracellular fluid
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HYPERNATREMIA
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Excess of sodium in the extracellular fluid
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HYPERTONIC
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Having a greater concentration than the solution with which it is being compared
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HYPOCALCEMIA
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Insufficient amount of calcium in the extracellular fluid
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HYPOKALEMIA
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Insufficient amount of potassium min the extracellular fluid
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HYPOMAGNESEMIA
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Insufficient amount of magnesium in the extracellular fluid
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HYPONATREMIA
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Insufficient amount of sodium in the extra cellular fluid
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HYPOTONIC
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Having a lesser concentration than the solution with which it is being compared
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HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK
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Shock due to a decrease in blood volume
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IATROGENIC
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Infection that occurs as a result of a treatment or diagnostic procedure
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ILEOSTOMY
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Opening into the small intestine allows fecal content from the ileum to be eliminated through the stoma
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IMMUNOCOMPROMISED
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Having an immune system that is incapable for a normal, full reaction to pathogens or tissue damage, as the result of a disease or drug therapy with agents that inhibit components of the immune system.
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INSENSIBLE WATER LOSS
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Non-measureable water loss. Lungs breathing. Normal sweat/evaporation.
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ISOTONIC
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Having about the same concentration as the solution with which it is being compared
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LAPAROSCOPIC
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Pertaining to a bariatric surgical treatment
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LOCAL ANESTHESIA
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The pharmacological inhibition of nerve impulses in a body part. Works by decreasing the flow of sodium into nerve cells. Small lesions or minor surgery.
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MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA
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disease that causes a rapid rise in body temperature (fever) and severe muscle contractions when the affected person receives general anesthesia.
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MASTICATE
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To chew
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MEDICAL ASEPSIS
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Practices designed to reduce the number and transfer of pathogens; synonym for clean technique
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METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
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Proportionate deficiency of bicarbonate ions in the extracellular fluid
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METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
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Proportionate excess of bicarbonate ions in the extracellular fluid
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NOSOCOMIAL
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Something originating or taking place in the hospital (i.e. Infection)
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OLIGURIA
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Scanty or greatly diminished amount of urine voided in a given time; 24 hour urine output is 100 to 400
- mL 30 mL and hour!! |
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ONCOTIC PRESSURE
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osmotic pressure exerted by plasma proteins on permeable membranes in the body; synonym for colloid osmotic pressure
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OSMOLARITY
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Concentration of particles in a solution, or a solutions pulling power
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OSMOSIS
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Passage of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration until equilibrium is established
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PARALYTIC ILEUS
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Paralysis of intestinal peristalsis
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PATHOGENS
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Disease-producing microorganisms
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PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA
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Method of controlling pain that involves an infusion pump that holds a vial of an IV analgesic that the patient controls and self-administers n small doses
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PERCEPTION
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Conscious process of organizing and interpreting data from the senses into meaningful information
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PERI-OPERATIVE
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Wide variety of nursing activities carried out before, during, and after surgery
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PYELONEPHRITIS
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Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis, usually as a result of a bacterial infection that has ascended from the urinary bladder.
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RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
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Proportionate excess of carbonic acid in the extracellular fluid
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RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS
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Proportionate deficiency of carbonic acid in the extracellular fluid
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SENSIBLE WATER LOSS
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Capable of being perceived. Measureable water loss – Foley, emesis
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SEPSIS
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A systemic inflammatory response to infection, in which there is fever or hypothermia, tachy-cardia/pnea, inadequate blood flow to organs.
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SEQUENTIAL PNEUMATIC COMPRESSION DEVICES
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Compression devices used on calves for VTE prophylaxis
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SEROSANGUINEOUS
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Containing or the nature of serum and blood
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SEROUS
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Resembling blood serum clear and watery in appearance
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STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
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CDC precautions used in the care of all patients regardless of their diagnosis or possible infection status; this category combines universal and body substance precautions
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STERILIZATION
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The process by which all microorganisms, including spores, are destroyed
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STOMA
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Artificial opening for waste excretion located on the body surface
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SURGICAL ASEPSIS
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Practices that render and keep objects and areas free from microorganisms; synonym for sterile technique
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SYSTEMIC
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Throughout the entire body
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VALSALVA MANEUVER
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Forcible exhalation against a closed glottis, resulting in increased intrathoracic pressure
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