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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the scrotum |
It is a capacious cutaneous bag containing right and left testis, epididymis and lower part of spermatic cord |
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Layers of the scrotum and testis from outside to inside |
Skin Dartos muscle External spermatic fascia Cremasteric fascia Internal spermatic fascia Tunica vaginalis Tunica albuginea |
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Blood supply to testis |
External pudendal deep external pudendal and internal pudendal arteries |
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Nerve supply |
Anterior 1/3rd ilioinguinal and genital branch of the genitofemoral nerver Posterior 2/3rd branch of pudendal nerve and perineal branch of posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh Dartos by sympathetic |
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What is a hydrocele |
Collection of fluid between the tunics of vaginalis |
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Causes of a hydrocele |
Defective absorption by vaginalis due to damage by a prior infection to the endothelial wall Overproduction of fluid Interference with drainage by the lymphatic vessels Communicating with peritoneal cavity |
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Primary vaginal hydrocele |
Testis is not palpable Fluctuant Can palpate above the swelling Initially transilluminant but longstanding hydrocele nontransilluminant |
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Differentials of transilluminant swellings |
Cystic hygromas Epididymal cysts Vaginal hydrocele Ranula Meningocele |
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Types of primary vaginal hydrocele |
Infantile hydrocele: processus vaginalis extended up to internal ring but no connection with peritoneal cavity Congenital hydrocele : Processus communucates with peritoneal cavity Encysted hydrocele of the cord Hydrocele-en-bisac |
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Causes of secondary vaginal hydrocele |
Infection: Filariasis, Tb, Syphilis Trauma Tumor |
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Complications of a hydrocele |
Infection Pyocele Hematocele Atrophy of testis Infertility Hernia of hydrocele sac |
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Epididymal cyst |
Cystic degeneration of: Paradidymis(Organ of Giraldes), Appendix of the epididymis, Appendix of testis, Vas aberons of Haller |
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Features of epididymal cyst |
Congenital or middle age Multiloculated feels like bunch of tiny grapes situated behind the body of testis Chinese lantern pattern |
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Varicocele |
Dilatation and tortuosity of the pampiniform plexus of veins and also the testicular veins |
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Why are varicoceles common on the left side |
Absence or incomplete valve at the junction of left testicular vein and left renal vein causing inefficient drainage Due to perpendicular entry of the left testicular vein into left renal vein |
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Features of a varivocele |
Swelling in the root of scrotum Dragging pain in groin and scrotum Bag of worms feeling Impulse on coughing Lying down gets reduced |
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Differential diagnosis of scrotal swellings |
Sebaceous cyst Indirect inguinal hernia Hydrocele Epididymal cyst Spermatocele Hematocele Epididymo-orchitis Testicular torsion Varicocele Sperm granuloma TB Gumma |
