Science Unit Test Study Cards

Front 1

atmosphere

Back 1

the layer of gasses that surround the earth

Front 2

lithosphere

Back 2

the solid, outermost layer of the earth

Front 3

hydrosphere

Back 3

the layer of water that lies on the surface of the earth

Front 4

crust

Back 4

the thin, solid, outer layer of the earth

Front 5

what makes up the crust

Back 5

rock and soil

Front 6

how deep is the crust

Back 6

about 5-15 miles deep

Front 7

mantle

Back 7

the layer just below the crust

Front 8

it is thick and gooey like what

Back 8

cold tar

Front 9

it is made of

Back 9

semi-melted rocks

Front 10

inercore

Back 10

the layer at the center of the earth

Front 11

it is made up of what

Back 11

solid iron and nickel

Front 12

how is it solid

Back 12

intense pressures from the layers above it

Front 13

as you go from the crust towards the core the temperature

Back 13

increaces

Front 14

and the pressure

Back 14

increaces

Front 15

name the 3 ways heat can be transsfered

Back 15

conduction, convection, and radiation

Front 16

conduction

Back 16

is the transfer of heat from a hot object to a cooler object by direct touch

Front 17

convection

Back 17

is the transfer of heat by the circular movement of a hot liquid gas or due to differences in density

Front 18

hot liquids and gasses are more or less dense

Back 18

less

Front 19

hot liquids and gasses will do this

Back 19

rise and cool off

Front 20

and cool liquids and gasses will do this

Back 20

sink and begin to warm up again

Front 21

what are earths layers, in order, outside to center

Back 21

crust, upper mantle, lower mantle, outer core, inner core

Front 22

divergent

Back 22

movement of plates away from each other

Front 23

convergent

Back 23

movement of plates toward each other

Front 24

lateral

Back 24

a side to side slide

Front 25

subduction

Back 25

movement of plates where one plate slides under another

Front 26

Continental Drift theory

Back 26

the theory that continents slowly move across earths surface in a process taking millions of years

Front 27

Alfred Wegner

Back 27

the German scientist who first proposed the idea of continental drift

Front 28

Pangea

Back 28

the name of the giant super-continent that existed over 200 million years ago and gave raise to today's continents