Science Unit 2 Topics 4-6

Front 1

What is sustainability?

Back 1

When trees are keeping up with growth for trees getting cut down

Front 2

What is the difference between deforestation and reforestation?

Back 2

Deforestation gets rid of the forest while reforestation protects and plants more trees.

Front 3

Name five of the major factors of soil development.

Back 3

1. Water - how wet it is.

2. Parent material

3. Climate

4. Vegetation

5. Time

Hint 3

WaPaCliVeT

Front 4

What are three types of decomposers that live in the soil?

Back 4

1. Earthworms

2. Insects

3. Microscopic organisms

Front 5

Name 5 reasons why dandelions are considered a champion competitor or supervillain.

Back 5

1. Powerful roots

2. Broad leaves

3. Super seeds

4. Adaptable

5. Chemical weapons

Front 6

Name three problems due to pesticide use.

Back 6

1. Creates a resistant pest species.

2. Residue builds up in the soil

3. Kills or harms the wrong species or non-target organism

Hint 6

CRK

Front 7

Is encouraging bluebirds to live on a farm as a means to control grasshoppers an example of herbicide use, insecticide use, biological controls, or crop rotation?

Back 7

Biological controls

Front 8

Which technology does not help reduce soil erosion: irrigation, shelterbelts, zero tillage, or crop rotation?

Back 8

Irrigation

Front 9

True or false. Adding organic matter to soil increases soil fertility.

Back 9

True

Front 10

What is nitrogen used by a plant for?

Back 10

It is a nutrient used to produce green leaves and stems.

Front 11

48 - 0 - 0 is a fertilizer that contains 48% of this nutrient?

A. Phosphorus

B. Potassium

C. Nitrogen

D. Sulfur

Back 11

C. Nitrogen

Front 12

Define hydroponics.

Back 12

A technology by which plants are grown without soil. Roots are buried in gravel and nutrients are added to the water.

Front 13

What are the three major components of fertilizer?

Back 13

Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium

Front 14

What does phosphorus do for a plant?

Back 14

Helps with germination

Front 15

What does potassium do for a plant?

Back 15

Helps make the plant flower

Front 16

What five kinds of organisms live in the soil?

Back 16

1. Fungi

2. Insects

3. Bacteria

4. Earthworms

5. Microscopic organisms

Hint 16

FIBEM

Front 17

What role does fungi and bacteria play in the soil?

Back 17

Bacteria breaks down dead plants, fungi?

Front 18

What is erosion?

Back 18

The breaking and wearing away of soil, remove nutrients.

Front 19

Describe 3 ways how soil erosion occurs.

Back 19

Soil erosion happens when there is a loss of organic matter wearing away of topsoil.

1. Vegetation is removed

2. The soil is exposed to Sun and wind

3. The soil is tilled too much

Front 20

Why is soil erosion is a problem?

Back 20

Soil erosion is a problem because the soil then can't hold water.

Front 21

Name five ways that farmers are able to help save the soil

Back 21

1. Zero tillage

2. Wide cultivation

3. Shelter belts

4. Reduce irrigation (leads to salty soil)

5. Strip farming (crop rotation)

6. Seed drill

7. Reshape the waterways or modified drainage

Front 22

Why are most countries forced to import food?

Back 22

Because they cannot grow enough to support their population

Front 23

True or false. 10% of the population uses 90% of the resources

Back 23

True

Front 24

In Alberta what percentage of land is managed farmland?

Back 24

33%. 20 million hectares of 60 million hectares is managed farmland, a 3 billion dollar industry

Front 25

Name five crops grown in Alberta.

Back 25

Wheat

Oats.

Canola

Barley

Specialty crops like beans corn and beets

Alfalfa

Potatoes

Legumes like peas, beans, and lentils

Front 26

How are crops irrigated?

Back 26

Using irrigation systems which waters crops using a large system of pipes and sprinklers

Front 27

What is monoculture?

Back 27

Growing only one type of plant in a field

Front 28

What is a positive and negative of monoculture?

Back 28

Positive - cuts costs and easier to harvest

Negative - decreases diversity, may see an increase in pests

Front 29

What is soil a mixture of?

Back 29

50% solid materials (45% is weathered rock sand and clay and 55% humus)

50% spaces filled with air and water

Front 30

What is humus?

Back 30

Soil rich in organic material

Front 31

How is plant and animal matter broken into humus?

Back 31

By decomposers like bacteria, fungus, and worms

Front 32

True or false. fertilizer cannot be organic or man-made.

Back 32

False. Organic fertilizer would be manure and man-made is manufactured to contain three main nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Typically 30-10-20.

Front 33

What were the dirty thirties a result of?

Back 33

Drought and poor farming practices that stripped the land bare.

Front 34

Why are pests a problem?

Back 34

They can cause plants to die or to produce less than they would have.

Front 35

What are four ways to control pests?

Back 35

1. Culture control

2. Physical control

3. Chemical control

4. Biological control

Hint 35

4 controls

Front 36

What is a cultural control of pests?

Back 36

When farmers grow a crop they are sure is capable of successfully competing against pests in the area.

Front 37

Name four physical controls of pests?

Back 37

Tilling, hand weeding, fencing, trapping

Front 38

What chemical controls are used for insects, fungi, and weeds?

Back 38

Insects - insecticides

Fungi - fungicides

Weeds - herbicides

Front 39

Give an example of a biological control in a garden.

Back 39

Releasing ladybugs to control aphids.

Front 40

What does it mean when something is grown organically?

Back 40

The plant is grown without chemical pesticides or fertilizer