Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Skeletal system
|
A living system made of bones, cartilage and the structures that connect them and connective tissue
|
|
Name the six functions of bones
|
1. protection/shield organs
2. Keep organs in place 3. storage of calicium/fat 4. Movement with muscles 5. Blood cell formation 6. Shape and support |
|
Name some of the bones that protect internal organs
|
ribs -- protect heart and lung
cranium -- protects brain vertebrae -- protects spinal cord |
|
What kinds of things do bones store?
|
calcium and phosphorous -- stored in bones until needed by nerves/muscles
fat stored for energy in yellow marrow |
|
what is red marrow?
|
red and white blood cells
|
|
What is cartilage?
|
flexible connective tissue
found between vertebrae and joints/nose and ears |
|
How do bones start to form?
|
It starts with cartilage
|
|
How many bones do babies have?
How many bones do adults have? Why? |
babies have 300 soft bones
adults have 206 Because some bones fuse together |
|
What is ossification?
|
Process of minerals collecting in bone hardening; allows growth and also childbirth
Bones are allive; they grow and repair |
|
At what age does bone fusion usually finish?
|
by the early 20s
|
|
POSMBS
Put Out Some More Brownies Sunshine |
P --Protect O- Organs in place
S -- Storage M-Movement B -- Blood cel formation S- Shape and Support |
|
Are bones alive?
|
Yes, bones are made of living tissue that changes and grows
|
|
What are bones made of?
|
25% water as well as calcium
Phosphorous, Living tissue, blood vessels |
|
What is the name of the outside layer of bones?
|
Periosteum
|
|
What is the periosteum?
|
The outside ayer of bones, packed with blood vessels, protects and repairs bone injuries
|
|
What is the compact bone?
|
Oxygen and food is supplied by the periosteum; hard shell, under the periosteum, made mostly of minerals
|
|
Haversian canals
|
These run through the compact bone, contain nerves and bood vessels that bring food and Oxygen to bone cell
|
|
Nerve fibers
|
send distress messages to periosteum if the compact bone is injuried.
|
|
spongy bone
|
lots of holes, like a sponge, holes filled with cells and fluid, strong
|
|
marrow
|
jelly like material that fills spaces in bones; yellow marrow in long bone, red marrow in spongy bone
|
|
What are the different layers of bones?
|
Periosteum
compact bone haversian canals nerve fibers spongy bone marrow |
|
What are the four categories of bones?
|
Long, flat, short and irregular
|
|
Osteoblast
|
form new tissue which hardens into bone
|
|
Osteoclast
|
breaks down bone tissue to release calcium and phosphorous
|
|
platelets
|
keep you from losing too much blood when injured
|
|
How are red blood cells made?
|
By the bone marrow
|
|
What is bone marrow?
|
It fills the inside of the bone
yellow -- fat cell storage red -- blood cells |
|
What is spongy bone?
|
It's lightweight but extremely strong due to open spaces for support; absorbs shocks and jolts
|
|
Where are the Haversian canals found?
|
In compact bone
|
|
What kind of bone is found in the shaft?
|
compact bones
|
|
What kind of bone is found in the knob?
|
spongy bones
|
|
What are long bones? Name some.
|
Bones that are longer than they are wide. Femur, humerus, tibia, fibula
|
|
What are flat bones? Name some.
|
Smooth, flat strong bones
ribs and cranium |
|
What are short bones? Name some
|
bones that are short and wide and mostly spongy
carpals, tarsals, |
|
What are irregular bones?
|
Bones that are oddly shaped and dont' fit into other categories
-vertebrae, ear bones |