Science, Gcse Physics

Front 1

2 types of wave

Back 1

transverse- vibrations perpendicular to energy transfer
longitudinal- vibrations parallel to direction of transfer

Front 2

watts (W)

Back 2

unit for measuring power
1 watt=1 joule per second

Front 3

wave power

Back 3

generation of electricity using the movement of water in the oceans

Front 4

wave length

Back 4

the length of a single wave, measured from the crest of one wave to the crest of the next wave

Front 5

X-rays

Back 5

electromagnetic radiation that has a shorter wave length than UV but longer than Gamma

Front 6

UV

Back 6

electromagnetic wave that has a shorter wave length than visible light but longer than x-ray

Front 7

spectrum

Back 7

a series of waves arranged in order according to their frequencies and wavelengths

Front 8

refraction

Back 8

when waves change direction as they go through an interface into a different material, where the speed is different

Front 9

reflected

Back 9

when waves bounce off an object, for example light bouncing off a mirror

Front 10

red shift

Back 10

the increase wavelength (decrease of frequency) of electromagnetic radiation, receding galaxies due to the Doppler effect and the expansion of the universe

Front 11

radio waves

Back 11

electromagnetic radiation with the longest wavelength and lowest frequency

Front 12

kinetic energy

Back 12

energy an object has because it's moving

Front 13

Gravitational potential energy (GPE)

Back 13

energy stored in an object which has the potential to fall

Front 14

gamma rays

Back 14

electromagnetic radiation that has the shortest wavelength and highest frequency

Front 15

frequency

Back 15

the number of times per secound that something passes a point

Front 16

electromagnetic waves

Back 16

travel through a vacuum at the same speed as they do through air

Front 17

elastic potential energy

Back 17

also called strain energy; the energy stored in an elastic object because of it's shape when it is stretched or squashed

Front 18

Doppler effect

Back 18

a change in wavelength and frequency of a wave caused by relative movement of the source and observer

Front 19

cost-effective

Back 19

it saves more money than it costs

Front 20

convection

Back 20

the movement of particles in a gas or a liquid depending on their temperature .

Front 21

conservation of energy

Back 21

energy cannot be created or destroyed

Front 22

blue shift

Back 22

the decrease in wavelength or increase in frequency of electromagnetic radiation

Front 23

angle of incidence

Back 23

the angle between the normal (90 degrees) and the incident ray

Front 24

angle of reflection

Back 24

the angle between the normal and the reflected ray

Front 25

conduction

Back 25

transfer of heat through a material-without the material moving

Front 26

radiation

Back 26

electromagnetic radiation emited from a hot object

Front 27

evaporation

Back 27

involves a liquid changing to a gas
particles can evaporate at temp. lower than the boiling point

Front 28

condensation

Back 28

involves a gas changing to a liquid.

Front 29

U-Value

Back 29

-how fast heat can transfer through a material
-The lower the U-value is, the better the material is as a heat insulator.

Front 30

renewable

Back 30

never runs out

Front 31

Specific heat capacity equation

Back 31

E = m × c × θ

Front 32

Sankey diagrams

Back 32

they summarise all the energy transfers taking place in a process. The thicker the line or arrow, the greater the amount of energy involved.

Front 33

How can heat energy be transferred?

Back 33

convection, conduction, radiation

Front 34

does an object that is cooler than its surrounding emit more radiation than it absorbs

Back 34

no

Front 35

why do solar panels have a matte black surface

Back 35

dark colours absorb heat and matte so heat is not reflected

Front 36

name of process where vibrating particles pass on extra kinetic energy to neighboring particles

Back 36

conduction

Front 37

What type of heat transfer cannot take place in solids

Back 37

convection

Front 38

Describe how heat from heat coils transfer throughout water to a kettle and what is this process called?

Back 38

Electrical energy from coils transfers to water which heats it up

Front 39

How do transverse waves work?

Back 39

vibrations perpendicular to energy transfer

Front 40

Particles near surface can escape and become a gas if:

Back 40

-particles travel in right direction,
-particles travelling fast enough (enough kinetic energy to travel fast enough to overcome attractive forces of other particles

Front 41

What happens to particles in condensation?

Back 41

-when a gas cools the particles slow down and lose kinetic energy
-if particles get close enough together condensation takes place and they become aliquid

Front 42

Would copper or wool have a higher U-value?

Back 42

copper?