Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Static Electricity
|
the study of behavior of electric charges, including how charge is transferred between objects
|
|
Induction
|
the transfer of charge without contact between material
|
|
Contact
|
an electric charge at the surface of contact of two different materials
|
|
Friction
|
a force that opposes the motion of objects that touch as they move past each other
|
|
Insulator
|
a material that resists the flow of electric charge
|
|
Resistance
|
the opposition to the flow of electric charges in a material
|
|
Electric Potential Energy
|
the electric charge held within something
|
|
Electric Field
|
a field in a region of space that exerts electric forces on charge particles; a field produced by electric charges or by changing magnetic fields
|
|
Current
|
the flow of electric charge
|
|
Potential Difference
|
voltage, or the difference in electrical potential energy between two places in an electric field
|
|
Magnet
|
material or object that produces a magnetic field
|
|
Poles
|
the two ends, which are the regions of concentrated lines of force, are called the POLES of the magnet. Magnets have two magnetic poles and both poles have equal magnetic strength.
|
|
Permanent Magnet
|
is an object made from a material that is magnetized and creates its own persistent magnetic field.
|
|
Power Source
|
device that supplies electrical energy to one or more electric loads
|
|
Electromagnet
|
a solenoid with a ferromagnetic core
|
|
Magnetosphere
|
the area surrounding Earth that is influenced by Earth’s magnetic field
|
|
Magnetic Domain
|
a region that has a large number of atoms with aligned magnetic fields
|
|
Magnetic Poles
|
a region on a magnet where the force produced by the magnet is strongest
|
|
Demagnetized
|
to remove magnetic properties by extreme heat, or smashing
|
|
Circuits
|
a complete path through which electric charge can flow
|
|
Parallel Circuit
|
an electric circuit with two or more paths through which charge can flow
|
|
Series Circuit
|
an electric circuit with only one path through which charge can flow
|
|
Igneous Rock
|
rock that forms from magma or lava
|
|
Metamorphic Rock
|
rock that has been changed by temperature, pressure, or reactions with hot water
|
|
Sedimentary Rock
|
rock that forms over time as sediment is squeezed and cemented together
|
|
Rock Cycle
|
a series of processes in which rocks continuously change from one type to another
|
|
Alfred Wegner
|
a pioneer in plate tectonics, who used reason and scientific method to prove a theory that the world was once “Pangea”
|
|
Continental Drift
|
the process in which the continents move slowly across Earth’s surface
|
|
Subduction Zone
|
mark sites of convective down welling of the Earth's lithosphere
|
|
Trench
|
a long, deep depression in the ocean floor where old oceanic crust sinks into the mantle
|
|
Continental Crust
|
the layer of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks which form the continents and the areas of shallow seabed close to their shores, known as continental shelves
|
|
Oceanic Crust
|
is the part of Earth's lithosphere that surfaces in the ocean basins
|
|
Convergent Boundary
|
a boundary at which tectonic plates collide
|
|
Divergent Boundary
|
a boundary at which tectonic plates move apart
|
|
Transform Boundary
|
a boundary at which tectonic plates slide past each other, moving in opposite directions
|
|
Mid-Ocean Ridge
|
a change of under-water mountains
|
|
Layers of Earth
|
Crust, Mantel, Outer Core, Inner Core
|
|
Convection Currents
|
circulation of a fluid in a loop as the fluid alternately heats up and cools down
|
|
Plate Tectonics
|
the theory that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere, called plates, move about slowly on top of the asthenosphere
|
|
Carbon Footprint
|
the total set of greenhouse gases produced by a person
|
|
“Green” Technology
|
encompasses a continuously evolving group of methods and materials, from techniques for generating energy to non-toxic cleaning products
|
|
Nitrogen
|
nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless is a chemical element that has the symbol N, atomic number of 7 and atomic mass 14
|
|
Oxygen
|
Atomic Number: 8, Mass: 15.9, Symbol O, Gas at room temperature oxygen is a highly reactive element and is capable of combining with most other elements
|
|
Hydrogen
|
Atomic Number: 1, Mass: 1.0, Symbol H, Hydrogen combines with other elements to form numerous compounds
|
|
Carbon Dioxide
|
a naturally occurring chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure and exists in Earth's atmosphere in this state, as a trace gas
|
|
Pressure
|
the result of a force distributed over an area
|
|
Stratosphere
|
the layer of Earth’s atmosphere above the troposphere
|
|
Thermosphere
|
the outermost later of Earth’s atmosphere
|
|
Troposphere
|
the lowest later of Earth’s atmosphere, where most weather occurs
|
|
Mesosphere
|
the lower portion of Earth’s mantle, the layer of Earth’s atmosphere immediately above the stratosphere
|
|
Ozone Layer
|
a region of ozone concentration in the stratosphere
|
|
Acid Rain
|
a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions
|
|
Sulfur Dioxide
|
the chemical compound with the formula SO2
|
|
Sulfuric Acid
|
a strong mineral acid with the molecular formula H2SO4
|
|
Photochemical Smog
|
the chemical reaction of sunlight, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, which leaves airborne particles and ground-level ozone.
|
|
Water Cycle
|
the continuous movement of water in all its forms among Earth’s oceans, atmosphere, and land
|
|
Evaporation
|
the process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the substance’s boiling point
|
|
Transpiration
|
the loss of water through the leaves of plants
|
|
Condensation
|
the phase change in which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a liquid
|
|
Runoff
|
water that flows over Earth’s surface
|
|
Ground Water
|
the fresh water found beneath Earth’s surface within cracks and among particles of rock and soil
|
|
Precipitation
|
is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity
|
|
Aquifer
|
a permeable rock layer that is saturated with water
|
|
Well
|
an excavation or structure created in the ground by digging, driving, boring or drilling to access groundwater in underground aquifers
|
|
Water Table
|
the top surface of the saturated zone
|
|
Artesian Well
|
a confined aquifer containing groundwater under positive pressure
|
|
Eutrophication
|
is the addition of artificial or natural substances, such as nitrates and phosphates, through fertilizers or sewage, to an aquatic system
|
|
Biomagnification
|
is the increase in concentration of a substance, such as the pesticide DDT, that occurs in a food chain as a consequence
|
|
Food Chain
|
a sequence of links in a food web starting from a trophic species that eats no other species in the web and ends at a trophic species that is eaten by no other species
|