Science Excretory System Test

Front 1

the system in the body that collects wastes produced by cells and remoes the wastes from the body.

Back 1

Function of the excretory system

Front 2

How is urine produced in the kidney's nephrons?

Back 2

First, both wastes and needed materials, such as glucose, are removed from thee blood. Later, much of the need material is returned to the body.

Front 3

In addition to the kidneys, what other organs play a role in excretion?

Back 3

the other organs of excretion are the lungs, skin, and liver.

Front 4

A chemical that comes from the breakdown of proteins.

Back 4

urea

Front 5

The major organs of the excretory system, elimatines urea, excess water, and some other waste materials. They are eliminated as urine.

Back 5

kidneys

Front 6

A watery fluid produced by your kidneys. Contains urea, excess water and some other waste materials.

Back 6

urine

Front 7

A narrow tube that carries urine from one of the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

Back 7

ureters

Front 8

A sacklike muscular organ that stores urine.

Back 8

urinary bladder

Front 9

A small tube through which urine flows from the bladder to outside the body.

Back 9

urethra

Front 10

tiny structures that remove wastes from blood and produce urine. (specilized cells of excretory system)

Back 10

nephrons

Front 11

Normal urine contains both ____ and _____

Back 11

urea and water

Front 12

True or False: The ureter is the tube throuh which urine leaves the body

Back 12

true

Front 13

True or False: The lungs are excretory organs.

Back 13

True

Front 14

Explain 2 ways in which the kidneys help to maintain homeostasis in the body.

Back 14

1. It filters the blood helping to maintain homeostasis
2. It plays an important role in excretion which helps maintain homeostasis

Front 15

If the walls of a capillary cluster in a nephron were damaged or broken, what substance might you expect to find in the urine that is not normally present.

Back 15

You may find urea, water, glucose, and other substances filtered out of blood in ur urine. Because in a capillary cluster in a nephron urea, water, glucose, and other ubstances are filtered out of the blood.

Front 16

During normal weather, what is the major source of water loss?

Back 16

urine

Front 17

During hot weather, what is the major source of water loss?

Back 17

sweat

Front 18

In cool weather, which of the following is most likely to happen

Back 18

The body would lose less water in sweat than in urine.

Front 19

The brain and spinal cord; the control center of the body.

Back 19

Central nervous system
(all the inside and outside the body is brought to the Central nervous system)

Front 20

Located in the skull, is the part of the central nervou system that controls must functions in the body.

Back 20

Brain

Front 21

Is the thick column of nerve tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves in the peripheral nervous system.

Back 21

Spinal cord

Front 22

nerves in the peripheral nervous system can be divided into 2 groups:

Back 22

somatic nervous system
autonomic nervous system

Front 23

control voluntary actions such as using a fork or tying your shoelaces. (skeletal muscles)

Back 23

somatic nervous system

Front 24

controls involuntary actions, such as contraction os smooth muscles that adjust diameter of blood vessels & breathing.

Back 24

autonomic

Front 25

contains about 100 billion neurons, all of which are interneuron.

Back 25

Brain

Front 26

how much can each neuron recieve messages from other neurons and how much may they send messages to about___

Back 26

10,000 can recieve
1,000 send

Front 27

What protectss the brain from injury?

Back 27

the skull, 3 layers of connective tissue & fluid all help to protect the brain

Front 28

What are the 3 main regions of the brain?

Back 28

The cerebrum, cerebellum, & the brainstem (medulla)

Front 29

interprets input from the senses, controls the movement of skeletal muscles on the left side of the body.

Back 29

cerebrum

Front 30

contain neruons that send impulses to the skeletal muscles on the left side of the body. Is associated w/ creativity and artistic ability.

Back 30

Right side of the cerebrum

Front 31

controls the right side of the body and is associated w/ mathematical skills, speech, writing, and logical thinking.

Back 31

left side of the cerebrum

Front 32

the second largest part of the brain, coordinates the actions of your muscles and helps you keep your balance.

Back 32

cerebellum

Front 33

lies between the cerebellum and spinal cord, controls your body's involuntary actions- those that occur automatically.
(breathing and heart beating)

Back 33

brainstem

Front 34

an automatic response that occurs very rapidly and without conscious control. Only the spinal cord not the brain. Give example

Back 34

reflex
ex- you blink in response to someone clapping

Front 35

A bruiselike injury of the brain. Only the spinal cord is involved not the head

Back 35

concussion

Front 36

how many nerves make up the peripheral nervous system and where are they located

Back 36

a total of 43 pairs of nerve make up the peripheral nervous system. twelve pairs originate in the brain. The other 31 pairs- the spinal nerves-begin in the spinal cord. One nerve in each pair goes to the left side and the other goes to the right

Front 37

when do spinal cord injuries occur

Back 37

when spinal cord is cut or crashed

Front 38

what happens when the spinal cord is cut and what is the result.

Back 38

when the spinal cord is cut all the nerve axons in that region are split so impulses cannot pass through them. These time of injury results in paralysis, which is the loss of movement in some part of the body.

Front 39

since the most common cause of spinal injuries is car crashes, what can you do to help protect yourself from spinal cord injury?

Back 39

wear a seatbelt to help protect yourself and sit in the proper location for your size

Front 40

what are the organs of excretion

Back 40

lungs, kidneys, and skin

Front 41

what do the lungs do in excretion?

Back 41

get rid of CO2& H2O

Front 42

What do the kidneys do in excretion?

Back 42

excrete urea, water, & some salts (urine)

Front 43

what does the skin do in excretion?

Back 43

water, dissolved waste materials (perspiration)

Front 44

What do the nephrons in kidneys do?

Back 44

They filter out water, urea, glucose, and some other substances from blood.

Front 45

which substances are reabsorbed into the blood so they are kept by the body and not excreted?

Back 45

water and glucose

Front 46

what are the 3 types of neurons?

Back 46

sensory neuron
interneuron
motor neuron

Front 47

picks up stimuli from the internal or external environment and converts each stimulus into a nerve impulse

Back 47

sensory neuron

Front 48

a neuron that carries nerve impulses from one neuron to another.

Back 48

interneuron

Front 49

sends an impluse to a muscle and the muscle contracts in response

Back 49

motor neuron

Front 50

The tiny space between the tip of an axon and the next structure.

Back 50

synapse