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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is energy? |
The ability to do work |
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Describe the Law of Conservation of energy. |
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can be changed from one form to another. |
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Describe transverse waves (can be mechanical or electromagnetic) |
In transverse waves, the medium is displaced perpendicular to the direction of the wave. |
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Describe longitudinal waves (can be mechanical or electromagnetic) |
In longitudinal waves, the medium is displaced parallel to the direction of the wave. |
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What are difference between mechanical and electromagnetic waves? |
Electromagnetic waves consist of disturbances that can travel without a medium. Mechanical waves consist of disturbances that can only travel through a medium. |
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What type of electromagnetic wave has the longest wavelength? |
Radiowaves |
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What type of electromagnetic wave has the shortest wavelength? |
Gamma rays. |
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What electromagnetic wave to we feel as heat energy? |
Infared |
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What electromagnetic wave to we see? |
Visible |
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What is the order of wavelengths? (Shortest to longest) And give a use for each one. |
Radiowaves - Radio Microwaves - Microwave Infared waves - Heaters Visible waves - Torches Ultraviolet rays - Vitamin D (UV rays) X-ray - x-ray machine Gamma ray - P.E.T scans (RMIVUXG) (Remi Vux. G) |
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Describe characteristics of sound waves (frequency, wavelength, amplitude) |
Frequency - number of wavelengths per sec Wavelength - distance between two crests or troughs Amplitude - distance between midpoint and crest or trough |
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What can loud sounds do to hearing? |
Loud sounds can rupture the eardrum or damage the bones in the middle ear causing hearing loss. |
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What are the fundamental properties of light? |
- a form of energy - travels at the speed of light (3*10^8 m/s) - white light is made up of all colours together - We can see this by putting a beam of light in a prism. All the colours refract at different angles. |
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What is a rainbow made out of? |
ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV ROYGBIV |
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How is do we see colours? |
We see different colours because different surfaces absorb all colours but their own. This colour is reflected into our eyes. eg. red table absorbs all colours but red, and reflects red into our eyes. |
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Explain the Law of Reflection |
The angle that light comes in is the same as the angle it is reflected. |
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Describe a plane, concave and convex mirror |
Plane is flat, reflects evenly Concave is thin in the centre and becomes thicker towards the edges Convex is thick in the centre and become thinner towards the edges. |
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Explain how movement of energy varies according to the medium through which it transfers |
Light travels at different speeds in different media. Light bends as it travels from medium to medium. |
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What is refraction? |
Refraction is the bending of light. |
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Describe the human eye and how it works with a convex lense |
Light enters through the cornea, then passes through the lens which focuses the image onto the retina. The retina converts the image into electric signals |
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What direction does light go in prisms? |
Toward the normal. |
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What does a convex lens do to light? |
Convex lens makes parallel light rays converge to a point. |
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What does a concave lens do to light? |
Concave lens makes parallel light rays spread out. |
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What is current? |
Current is the rate at which charge is flowing. |
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What is voltage? |
Voltage is the difference in charge between two points. |
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What does an ammeter do? |
Measures the current in a circuit. |
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What does a volt meter do? |
Measures electric potential in volts. |
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What does a multimeter do? |
Measures electric current, voltage, and usually resistance |
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What is a series circuit? |
A circuit composed solely of components connected in series is known as a series circuit. Can short circuit |
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What is a parallel circuit? |
One connected completely in parallel is known as a parallel circuit. Can't short circuit |
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What do resistors do? |
Resistors are used to reduce current flow, the higher the resistance, the more heat energy produced. |
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What does a fuse do? |
A fuse is nothing more than a short length of wire designed to melt and separate in the event of excessive current. |
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What does a circuit breaker do? |
Its basic function is to interrupt current flow after protective relays detect a fault. Can be reset, unlike a fuse. |
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What is earth wiring? |
A earth wiring is a safety wire that has intentionally been connected to earth to be able to neutralise electricity. |
