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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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three examples of metamorphic rocks |
marble slate gneiss |
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two examples of sedimentary rocks |
limestone sandstone |
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two examples of igneous rocks |
basalt granite |
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how did metamorphic rocks form |
formed by heat and pressure on sedimentary rocks over a long period of time. |
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how did sedimentary rocks form |
formed by layers of sediment laid down in seas or lakes. over millions of years the layers get buried under more layers. the weight pressing down squeezes out the water. fluids flowing through the pores deposit natural mineral content |
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how are igneous rocks formed |
magma rises from volcanoes and boils over where it can. igneous rocks form when the magma cools and solidifies |
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what is thermal decomposition |
metal carbonates that break down when heated strongly |
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limestone industry quarrying advantages |
1) limestone is a vulnerable natural resource used to make glass and concrete 2) limestone quarrying provides employment opportunities |
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limestone industry quarrying disadvantages |
1) quarries are visible from long distances and may disfigure the environment 2) quarrying creates noise and traffic |
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what can calcium carbonate be used for |
to remove acidic Gases from coal fired power stations chimneys reducing harmful emissions and reducing acid rain |
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what can calcium oxide calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate be used for |
to neutralise soil acidity |
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what forms linewater |
calcium hydroxide and water |
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what do limestone, cement and mortar do |
slowly react with CO2 dissolved in water and wear away. this damages walls made of limestone and leaves gaps between bricks and buildings |
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what does concrete do |
easily formed into shapes before it sets hard. strong when washed but weak when squashed. can be made stronger by reinforcing with steel |
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what does glass do |
usually brittle but toughened to make windows. glass is transparent so it lets light into buildings |
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limestone cycle step one.. |
calcium carbonate is heated by Bunsen burner and turns limestone to calcium oxide through thermal decomposition
calcium carbonate ---> calcium oxide + carbon dioxide
CaCo3 -> CaO + CO2 |
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limestone cycle step two |
a vigorous reaction occurs when water is added and heat is released. calcium hydroxide forms in the reaction.
calcium oxide + water --> calcium hydroxide
CaO + H2O --> Ca(OH)2 |
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limestone cycle step three |
we then test for CO2 to remove unreacted calcium hydroxide by filtering the solution and placing in a test tube. gently blowing into solution will turn limewater cloudy in the presence of CO2. this is because white insoluble calcium carbonate forms.
calcium hydroxide + Carbon dioxide ---> calcium carbonate + water
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 ---> CaCo3 + H20 |
