Science Chapter 8 Sections 1-3

Front 1

characteristics of all plants:

Back 1

eukaryotic, autotrophic, multicellular

Front 2

all plants go through an alteration of _______

Back 2

generations

Front 3

the _________stage produces spores

Back 3

sportophyte

Front 4

the gametophyte generation produces _______

Back 4

gametes (sex cells)

Front 5

the ferilization of an egg by a sperm creates _____,which grows into an ______.

Back 5

zygote; embryo

Front 6

seedless, nonvascular plants:
(6 things)

Back 6

1. lack vascular tissue
2. reproduce using spores
3. low-growing b/c there is no way for water and materials to reach distant cells
4. the rootlike structures of mosses are rhyzoids
5. the leafy green moss plant is the gametophyte generation
6. the stalk and capsule of the moss plant is the sporophyte

Front 7

seedless, vascular plants
(7 things)

Back 7

1. have tissue vascular
2. reporoduce using spores
3. can grow taller because of vascular tissue
4. the underground stem of a fern is called a rhyzome
5. the leaf of a fern is called a frond
6. the stems and roots of ferns are underground
7. the leafy green fren is the sporophyte generation b/c it has sori(spore cases) on the underside of the leaves

Front 8

seed plants
(3 things)

Back 8

1. all have vascular tissue
2. seed plants reproduce using pollen (becomes the sperm cell)and eggs
3. parts of a seed: embryo, stored food, seed coat

Front 9

what is necessary for germination to occur?

Back 9

water

Front 10

what are 2 types of roots and an example of each?

Back 10

fibrous (grass) and taproot (carrot)

Front 11

what are the layers of the woody stem?

Back 11

outermost: bark; sapwood is active xylem that transports water and material; heartwood is in active but provides support

Front 12

_______is located between xylem and phloem and produces new ________ _________.

Back 12

cambium; vascular tissue

Front 13

annual rings are made from _________.

Back 13

xylem

Front 14

_____ make food for the plant

Back 14

leaves

Front 15

the most chloroplasts are located near the upper surface of the ________.

Back 15

leaf

Front 16

cuticle

Back 16

a waxy water proof layer outside of a leaf, fruit, or vegitable

Front 17

vascular tissue

Back 17

a system of tublike structures inside a plant through which water, materials, and food move

Front 18

zygote

Back 18

a fertilizied egg

Front 19

non-vascular tissue

Back 19

plants that lack a well-developed system of tubes for transporting water and other materials

Front 20

vascular plant

Back 20

plants with true vascular tissue

Front 21

rhiziod

Back 21

thin, root like structure

Front 22

frond

Back 22

the leaf of a fern plant

Front 23

pollen

Back 23

tiny structures that contain the cells that will later become sperm cells

Front 24

seed

Back 24

a structures that contain a young plant inside a protective covering

Front 25

embryo

Back 25

a young plant that developes from the zygote or fertilized egg

Front 26

cotyledons

Back 26

a seed leaf

Front 27

germination

Back 27

when the embryo begins to grow again and pushes out of the seed

Front 28

root cap

Back 28

a structure that covers the tip of a root, projecting the root from injury

Front 29

cambium

Back 29

a layer of cells in a plant produces new phloem and xylem cells

Front 30

transpiration

Back 30

the process by which water evaporates from a plant's leaves

Front 31

examples of seedless, non-vascular plants

Back 31

mosses, liverworts, hornworts

Front 32

examples of seedless vascular plants

Back 32

ferns, horsetails, club mosses