Science 9 - Space Quiz 2

Front 1

___________________ is a general term for all the objects in space, including the Sun, other stars, planets, and the Moon

Back 1

celestial bodies

Front 2

What are examples of celestial bodies?

Back 2

The Sun, other stars, the Moon, planets, nebulae, asteroids, comets, galaxies, etc.

(Anything outside Earth's atmosphere that isn't man-made.)

Front 3

A galaxy is a huge group of _______________, __________, and ________________ that is held together by _______________.

Back 3

stars, gas, dust
gravity

Front 4

There might be as many as several ___________________ galaxies in the universe and each galaxy might contain more than a _______________ stars.

Back 4

billion
billion

Front 5

A ________________ is a dense cloud-like collection of gas and dust in space.

Back 5

nebula

Front 6

_______________ and __________________ are the building blocks of stars

Back 6

gas
dust

Front 7

Groups of stars within galaxies are called __________________.

Back 7

star systems / star clusters

Front 8

What is a galaxy?

Back 8

A huge group of stars, gas and dust that is held together by gravity.

Front 9

What is a nebula?

Back 9

A dense cloud-like collection of gas and dust in space.

Front 10

What are star systems / star clusters?

Back 10

Groups of stars that are found within galaxies.

Front 11

What is a star?

Back 11

A massive, gaseous, spherical object in space that gives off light and other forms of energy due to nuclear reactions in the core.

Front 12

List all 8 planets, in order.

Back 12

M.V.E.M.J.S.U.N.

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

Front 13

The Sun is a huge sphere of mostly _____________ gas.

Back 13

hydrogen

Front 14

Planets travel around the Sun in a motion called _________________.

Back 14

revolution

Front 15

In our solar system, the 4 terrestrial planets are:

Back 15

Mercury, Venus, Earth, & Mars

Front 16

In our solar system, the 4 gas planets are:

Back 16

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, & Neptune

Front 17

A celestial body that orbits a planet is a _______.

Back 17

moon

Front 18

Small objects that orbit the Sun and are mainly found between Mars and Jupiter are called ____________.

Back 18

asteroids

Front 19

Objects made of rock and ice that orbit the Sun and come from the Oort cloud are called ____________.

Back 19

comets

Front 20

What is a solar system?

Back 20

A group of planets circling a star.

Front 21

What is a planet?

Back 21

A spherical object circling a star.

Front 22

What is rotation?

Back 22

When planets spin on an axis

Front 23

What is revolution?

Back 23

When planets travel around the Sun

Front 24

What are asteroids?

Back 24

Small rocky objects that orbit the Sun.

Front 25

What are comets?

Back 25

Objects made of rock and ice from the Oort cloud.

Front 26

An ____________ is the total or partial blocking of sunlight that occurs when one object in space passes in front of another.

Back 26

eclipse

Front 27

In a _________ eclipse, the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, briefly blocking our view of the Sun.

Back 27

solar

Front 28

In a __________ eclipse, Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon, briefly plunging the Moon into darkness as Earth's shadow moves across it.

Back 28

lunar

Front 29

What is an eclipse?

Back 29

An eclipse is the total or partial blocking of sunlight that occurs when one object passes in front of another.

Front 30

What happens during a solar eclipse?

Back 30

The Moon passes between the Sun and the Earth, blocking the view of the Sun from the surface of the earth.

Front 31

What happens during a lunar eclipse?

Back 31

Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon, making the Moon appear to disappear since it is no longer reflecting light from the sun.

Front 32

____________ are put in orbit around Earth to send and receive data from Earth. If one stays in a fixed spot above Earth, it is in a ________________ orbit

Back 32

satellites
geosynchronous / geostationary

Front 33

______________ are space vehicles that are sent to other planets and space objects to fly past, orbit, or land on them.

Back 33

probes

Front 34

__________ are robotic devices that are designed to move around on the surface of a planet/moon to collect data

Back 34

rovers

Front 35

Space travel is made possible by ________________, which are devices that transport materials and equipment into space.

Back 35

rockets

Front 36

What is a multi-stage rocket / staged rocket?

Why do we use them?

Back 36

A multi-stage rocket / staged rocket is a rocket with multiple sections, and each section is dropped once it runs out of fuel.

They allow rockets to carry heavier payloads to higher altitudes.

Front 37

How does rocket fuel propel rockets?

Back 37

Burning fuel create exhaust, which comes (backwards) out of the end of the rocket.

Exhaust pushes the rocket forward (“for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction”)

Front 38

What is gravitational escape velocity?

Back 38

It is the speed needed to "break free" from the gravitational attraction of a massive body, without further propulsion (i.e. without spending more fuel.

Front 39

Identify and explain the 3 major parts of a rocket.

Back 39

1. Structural and mechanical elements (the "rocket" itself: engines, framing, guidance systems, etc.)

2. Fuel (combustible material)

3. Payload (what the rocket is carrying)

Front 40

What are the four main types of satellites?

Back 40

1. Communication - sending/receiving information (ex. TV satellites)

2. Geosynchronous - stays at exactly same spot above Earth (ex. weather satellites)

3. Remote sensing - collecting data (ex. Hubble telescope)

4. Global Positioning System (GPS) - network of satellites that give accurate position on Earth

Front 41

What is microgravity? How does microgravity hurt astronauts after long periods?

Back 41

Gravity so weak that it can't be felt by humans (like in space)

It reduces bone density and muscle mass.

Front 42

What is space junk? Why is space junk dangerous?

Back 42

Space junk is the name for the field of debris orbiting Earth, from broken rocket parts, satellites, and other "space garbage".

Orbiting objects are moving VERY fast, and even something tiny can cause a lot of damage.

Front 43

What are four major dangers for humans in space?

Back 43

1. Radiation and heat

2. Psychological effects of being stuck in a small space for a long time.

3. Microgravity (-> bones and muscles)

4. Space junk

Front 44

What are the four key systems needed to live safely in space?

Back 44

1. Air cleaning/recycling

2. Radiation protection

3. Heating/cooling

4. Water cleaning/recycling