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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
bacteria |
singled celled micro-organisms
*may or may not cause disease *help with body functions |
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Cell |
the basic unit of life, all living things are made up of one or more cells |
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Cell Membrane |
a thin protective covering that separates the interior of a cell from its surroundings. it controls the movement of particles in and out of the cell |
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Cell Wall |
a tough rigid structure that surrounds and protects a plant cell and gives the cell it's rectangular shape. Not in an animal cell. |
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Chloroplast |
parts of a plant cell that trap the suns energy and changes it into chemical energy. |
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Compound Microscope
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a type of microscope that uses multiple lenses to magnify small objects. |
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Cytoplasm |
a jelly-like substance within a cell, containing organelles, water and other life supporting materials. |
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Diffusion |
the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
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Electron Micrograph |
an image made from an electron microscope |
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Endoplasmic Reticulum |
in cells, a network of membrane covered channels that transport materials within the cell |
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Eukaryotic Cells |
a type of cell whose organelles are surrounded by membranes |
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Golgi Body |
a structure within a cell that sorts proteins and packs them into vesicles |
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Lysosome |
a cell structure that containing digestive chemicals that function to break down food particles, cell wastes, and worn-out cell parts |
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metabolism |
the total of all chemical reactions that take place within a cell |
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mitochondria |
the energy producers in a cell that carry out cellular respiration to produce energy for the cell. |
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nucleus |
the organelle that controls all the activities within a cell. |
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organelle |
a cell part in which functions are carried out to ensure the cell's survivial |
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organsim |
a living thing |
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osmosis |
the diffusion of water particles through a selectively permeable membrane; particles move from an area high concentration to low concentration |
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prokaryotic |
a type of cell whose organelles are not surrounded by membranes |
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ribosome |
cell parts that assemble proteins |
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scanning electron microscope |
a powerful microscope, magnifies more so than the compound microscope |
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selectively permeable membrane |
a membrane that allows some materials to pass through it but keeps other materials out |
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Vacuole |
temporary storage compartments in cells, store waste. larger in plant cells than in animal cells |
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Virus |
tiny non-living particles (not cells) that attach to a host cell and trick the cell into reproducing more virus particles. They are disease causing, no nucleus or organelles |
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Arteries |
blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart |
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capillaries |
the networks of tiny blood vessels that connect arteries to venules |
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Circulatory System |
the body system that moves the blood throughout the body |
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digestion |
the process in which food is broken down, nutrients absorbed and stored and wastes removed |
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excretion |
the process in which liquid and gas wastes are removed from a body |
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excretory system |
the system that removes liquid and gas wastes from the body through the urnairy tract; kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra |
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respiratory system |
the body system that supplies the blood with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the blood |
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tissue |
a group of cells that have the same structure and function |
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veins |
blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart |
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villi |
fold-like structures lining the wall of small intestine, which increase the surface available to absorb nutirents |
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antibody |
specific particles created by the immune system to fight disease causing invaders |
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antigen |
any substance the body cannot recognize; usually a non-living particle |
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immune system |
the body system that defends the body against infection and disease-causing substances such as bacteria, viruses, and cancer cells |
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pathogen |
an organism or substance that can cause a disease |
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white blood cells |
blood cells that fight infection and help prevent the growth of cancer |
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vaccine |
an antigen that provides immunity from disease |