Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Five properties of Minerals?
|
1. naturally occurring
2. inorganic: not formed from living things 3. solid 4. definite chemical composition: on pure substance 5. definite crystal structure: atoms are arranged in a definite pattern. |
|
|
What is a crystal?
|
It is the repeating pattern of a mineral's atoms. A crystal has flat sides that meet in sharp edges and corners.
|
|
|
Why are coal and oil not minerals?
|
because they are not inorganic, they were formed from living things that died.
|
|
|
Is steel naturally occurring?
|
no, it is manufactured
|
|
|
Give examples of naturally occurring things
|
sliver, asbestos, talc
|
|
|
What are the four tests scientists use to find the properties of minerals?
|
streak ( the color of the powder scraped off a mineral when it is rubbed against a hard surface)
scratch cleavage (the way a mineral breaks into flat sheets: note: fracture is different, it is the way a mineral breaks into rough or jagged surfaces) acid |
|
|
Two ways minerals form?
|
Minerals form either from magma or from evaporation of a liquid substance
|
|
|
Why do minerals have different sized crystals?
|
depends on the amount of time it takes to form the magma or lava
|
|
|
Magma has large crystals, true or false?
|
true
|
|
|
Why does magma have large crystals?
|
Because it forms slowly, deep below the earth's surface
|
|
|
What are the six different sized crystal structures that compose minerals?
|
cubic
hexagonal orthohombic monoclinic tetragonal triclinic |
|
|
Lava has small crystals, true or false?
|
True
|
|
|
What is a solution?
|
a mixture in which one substance dissolves into another.
|
|
|
What is a vein?
|
a channel or slab of mineral that is different from the surrounding rock
|
|
|
Are minerals elements, compounds or mixtures?
|
Minerals can be elements (like gold or copper) or compounds (like diamond and graphite)
|
|
|
What are the four main steps to forming minerals?
|
1. magma heats water
2. elements and compounds dissolve to form solutions. 3. solutions cool and the elements and compounds crystallize as minerals 4. the minerals form into a vein. |
|
|
How is halite formed?
|
ancient seas slowly evaporating.
|
|
|
what is a geode?
|
a rounded, hollow rock often lined with crystals.
|
|
|
What is a gemstone?
|
a hard, colorful mineral that has a brilliant or glassy luster
|
|
|
What is a gem?
|
a gemstone that has been cut and polished
|
|
|
What is an ore?
|
a rock that contains a metal or economically useful mineral.
|
|
|
Where does copper come from?
|
chrysocolla
|
|
|
What is the name for someone who looks for ore?
|
prospector
|
|
|
How do prospectors decide where to mine for ore?
|
look at the rocks on the surface, maps of ore deposits
|
|
|
what is open pit mine?
|
starts near the surface of the earth and extends deep underground.
|
|
|
What type of mine occurs in minerals veins?
|
shaft mine
|
|
|
What type of mine is exposed to the surface?
|
strip mine
|
|
|
What is the process of melting ore in order to separate useful metal from other elements called?
|
smelting
|
|
|
When was smelting developed?
|
1800s
|
|
|
What is an alloy?
|
a mixture of two or more metals
|
