Science (6Th Grade) Chapter 9

Front 1

minerals

Back 1

a solid, inorganic (nonliving), naturally occurring material with a definite chemical composition; made of crystals that are arranged in a particular repeating pattern; most are compounds and some are elements

Front 2

examples of minerals

Back 2

diamonds, emeralds, copper, and rubies

Front 3

softest mineral

Back 3

talc

Front 4

hardest mineral

Back 4

diamond

Front 5

identifying characteristics/properties of minerals

Back 5

luster (the appearance reflected in light); hardness (resistance to scratching); color; streak (color of powder scraped off when rubbed against a hard, rough surface); density (amount of matter in a given space; crystal-like shape; reaction to being broken (cleavage is splitting and fracture is breaking)

Front 6

3 special identifying characteristics/properties of minerals

Back 6

fluorescent (glows under ultraviolet light); magnetism; electrical properties

Front 7

rocks

Back 7

solid, natural materials made of 1 or more minerals

Front 8

identifying characteristics/properties of rocks

Back 8

color; texture; glassy; grains (coarse, fine, shape, pattern, or none); mineral composition

Front 9

3 types of rocks

Back 9

igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic

Front 10

igneous rocks

Back 10

forms from the cooling of molten material, either magma or lava

Front 11

identifying characteristics/properties of igneous rocks

Back 11

origin (exclusive or intrusive), texture, and mineral composition

Front 12

extrusive

Back 12

igneous rocks formed from lava that cools and erupts at or outside the Earth's surface

Front 13

intrusive

Back 13

igneous rocks formed when magma cools and hardens beneath or inside the Earth's surface

Front 14

uses of igneous rocks

Back 14

tools, building materials and abrasive cleaners

Front 15

sedimentary rocks

Back 15

made from pieces of rocks and minerals; forms when particles/pieces of other rocks or minerals and the remains of plants or animals are pressed and cemented together; forms in layers with the oldest rock at the bottom

Front 16

uses of sedimentary rocks

Back 16

building materials, industrial uses, limestone that is used to make concrete

Front 17

sediment

Back 17

small, solid pieces of material that comes from rocks or living things

Front 18

processes sedimentary rocks

Back 18

erosion (wind or water carries away rocks), deposition (sediment settles), and compaction & cementation (changes sediment to sedimentary rocks)

Front 19

types of sedimentary rocks

Back 19

limestone, clastic, organic; chemical, fossils

Front 20

fossils

Back 20

the remains of once-living animals or plants that is only found in sedimentary rocks; remnants or traces of an organism of a past geologic age, such as a skeleton or leaf imprint embedded and preserved in the earth's crust

Front 21

metamorphic rocks

Back 21

forms when heat, pressure or chemical reactions change 1 type of rock into another type of rock; made of sedimentary rocks or igneous rocks

Front 22

identifying characteristics/properties of metamorphic rocks

Back 22

the arrangements of grains that are made of rock such as foliated grains that are arranged randomly like marble and quartzite

Front 23

uses of metamorphic rocks

Back 23

marble to build statutes and slate for flooring, roofing, outdoor walkways & chalkboards