Science 10 Bc Exam Review

Front 1

Abiotic

Back 1

Non-Living parts of an ecosystem (Water, Air)

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Adaptation

Back 2

Characteristics that enable organisms to survive

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Structural Adaptation

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A physical feature that allows the organism to survive better

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Physiological Adaptation

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A physical or chemical event that occurs within the body of an organism and enables survival

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Behavioral Adaptation

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What an organism does to survive in the unique conditions of its environment

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Biome

Back 6

Largest part of the Biosphere

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Biotic

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Living parts of the ecosystem (Bird)

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Climate

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Average conditions of weather in a large area over 30 years or more

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Climatograph

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A graph of climate data for a specif region

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Biosphere

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The thin layer of air, land and water on or near earths surface

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Commensalism

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When one benefits and the other is not harmed nor benefits

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Competition

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When two or more organisms compete for same nutrient sources

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Mutualism

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Both organisms benefit

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Parasitism

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Where one organism benefits and other is harmed

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Predation

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Predator-Prey interactions

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Ecosystem

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Part of the biome in which aboitic and biotic components interact

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Niche

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A special role an organism plays in the ecosystem

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Population

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All the members of a particular species in an ecosystem

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Community

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All the populations of the different species that interact in an area or ecosystem

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Symbiosis

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An interaction between two different species in that live together in association

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Biodegradation

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The breaking down of dead organic matter by living organisms

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Consumers

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An organism that eats other organisms

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Decomposers

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Organisms that break down wastes and dead organism and change them into usable nutrients

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Food Chain

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A model that shoes energy flow ftom plant to animal...

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Food Pryamid

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A model that shows loss of energy form trophic level to trophic level

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Food Web

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A model that shows feeding relationships within and ecosystem

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Producers

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Organisms that produce food in the form of carbohydrates during photosynthesis

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Trophic levels

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Steps in a food chain that show feeding and niche relationships among organisms

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Cellular Resperation

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The process in which both plants and animals release CO2 back into the atmosphere

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Denitrification

Back 30

The process in which nitrogen is returned to the atmosphere

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Denitrifying Bacteria

Back 31

Bacteria that convert Nitrate back into Nitrogen gas

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Nitrification

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The prcess in which ammonium is convereted to nitrite

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Nitrifying Bacteria

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Bacteria that convert either ammonium into nitrite or nirtite into nitrate

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Nitrogen Fixation

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The process in which nitrogen gas is converted into compounds that contain nitrate or ammonium

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Nutrients

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Substances that are required by plants and animals for energy, growth...

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Sedimentation

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The process in which soil particles and decaying organic matter accumulate in layers in the ground

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Bioaccumulation

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The gradual biuld-up of synthetic and organic chemicals in living organisms

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Bioremedation

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The use of organisms to break down chemical polluntants

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Heavy metals

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Metallic elements with high density that are toxic to organisms at low concentration

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Keystone Species

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Species that greatly affect population and health of an ecosystem

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PPMs

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A mesurment of chemical accumulation

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PCBs

Back 42

Synthetic chemicals containing chlorine that are used in manufacture plastics and products that become stored in animals

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Biomagnification

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The process where chemicals dont just accumalte but concentrate as well

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Adaptive Radiation

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The development of a number of new species from a common ancestor

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Climax community

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A mature community that continues to change over time (boreal Forest)

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Ecological Succesion

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Changes that take place over time in the types of oranisms that live in a area

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Natural Selection

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The process in which over time the est adapted members of a species survive

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Primary Succesion

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The delvelopment of new life area where no organisms exist (bare rock)

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Pioneer Species

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The organisms that are the first to survive in an area

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Secondary Succesion

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The reintroduction of life after a natural disaster

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Natural Disasters

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Flooding, Tsunamis, Drought, Insect Infestation...

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Contamination

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the introduction of chemicals toxins wastes... into the enviornment

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Deforestation

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The clearin or logging of forests without replanting

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Extinction

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the dying out of a species

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Habitat loss

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The destruction of habitats

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Soil degradation

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Damage to soil

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resource exploitation

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Resource use

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sustainabilty

Back 58

the ability of an ecosystem to sustain ecological process