Sb: Chapter 6, 7, And 8

Front 1

Fascicle

Back 1

A specialized short shoot consisting of stem tissue, one or more needle like leaves, and persistent bud scales

Front 2

Sporogeneous

Back 2

Describing a layer of cells or tissues capable of giving rise to spores via meiosis

Front 3

Anther

Back 3

The sporophytic structure of the stamen consisting of an outer protective layer and internal sporogeneous tissues

Front 4

Carpel

Back 4

Usually the innermost whorl of modified fertile sporophylls, the megasporophylls, which bear ovules which create eggs

Front 5

Endosperm

Back 5

A triploid nutritive tissue of the Angiospermae seed created by double fertilization in the fusion of polar nuclei and a sperm cell

Front 6

Filament

Back 6

The supporting stem of the stamen aiding in dispersal of pollen

Front 7

Flower

Back 7

Specialized stem of higher plants usually containing four types of modified sporophylls solely dedicated for reproduction

Front 8

Fruit

Back 8

and often fleshy, seed-dispersal structure formed from a swollen ovule and associated sporophytic structure or accessory tissue of seed plants

Front 9

Nucellus

Back 9

Derived from tissues of the megasporangium, the egg sac, become nutritive tissues usually refers to within the seeds of gymnosperms

Front 10

Ovary

Back 10

The enlarged basal portion of the carpel which contains the sporogenous tissues and which usually contributes structurally to fruit

Front 11

Pericarp

Back 11

Collectively the outer layers of fruit formed from the ovule and associated sporophytic tissues

Front 12

Petals

Back 12

From the outside, the second whorl of modified sporophylls usually sterile and highly colored to attract pollinators

Front 13

Sepals

Back 13

The outermost whorl of modified sporophylls within a flower often green, sterile, and preforming a protective function

Front 14

Stamen

Back 14

From the outside, usually the third whorl of modified fertile sporophylls, the microsporophylls, which create pollen

Front 15

Stigma

Back 15

The uppermost surface of the carpel, usually covered in sticky substances, which captures pollen from the air or pollinators

Front 16

Style

Back 16

An elongated support structure of the carpel, bridging the distance between the ovary and stigma, function in support and pollen tube growth

Front 17

Gynoecium

Back 17

Collectively referring to the female organs of a flower, usually with one or more carpels

Front 18

Perianth

Back 18

Collectively referring to the sepals and petals which function in protection and aid in pollination

Front 19

Accessory tissues

Back 19

Non carpel derived tissues which unite the carpel to form fruit

Front 20

Androecium

Back 20

collectively referring to the male organs of a flower, usually many stamens

Front 21

Abaxial

Back 21

Describes spatial orientation of body plans, the lower side determined by distance from the shoot apical meristem

Front 22

Adaxial

Back 22

Describes spatial orientation of body plans, the upper side of a leaf as determined by distance from the shoot apical meristem

Front 23

Tepal

Back 23

Referring to the perianth parts which are not differentiated into petals or sepals

Front 24

Bilateral

Back 24

a form of symmetry where two halves are mirror images

Front 25

Calyx

Back 25

the sepals, collectively

Front 26

Corolla

Back 26

the petals, collectively

Front 27

Secondary metabolites

Back 27

Specialized metabolites not associated with plant growth or development; includes terpenoids, phenolics, and alkaloids

Front 28

Cuneate

Back 28

wedge shaped, with basal margins approximately straight, intersection angle 45-90 degrees

Front 29

Atactostele

Back 29

A subcategory of siphonstele which consists of numerous discreet bundles organized in rings or randomly

Front 30

Parallel

Back 30

Describing venation of leaves which runs in parallel lines to the leaf margin

Front 31

Penni-parallel

Back 31

Describing venation within leaves where secondary veins branch from the midvein and run parallel to one another

Front 32

Glume

Back 32

the protective, lower bract of poaceae inflorescence

Front 33

Lemma

Back 33

The lower, protective bract of poaceae floret

Front 34

Palea

Back 34

the upper, protective bract of poaceae floret

Front 35

Pneumoatophores

Back 35

Specialized structures of submerged plant roots and covered in lenticles to allow aeration of root tissues underwater

Front 36

Allelopathy

Back 36

Describing when plant secondary metabolites negatively affect growth of other plants

Front 37

Thigmotropism

Back 37

Plant movement in response to touch in Mimosa, via pulvinus turgor pressure

Front 38

Hemiparasitic

Back 38

photosynthetic plants that are also parasitic on other plants

Front 39

Haustoria

Back 39

a root or root-like structure that penetrates the cell wall of the host plant but remains apoplastic

Front 40

Betalain

Back 40

red and yellow indole-derived pigments found in plants of the Caryophyllales, where they replace anthocyanin pigments

Front 41

Areole

Back 41

a modified, reduced axillary meristem bearing spines