Sanskrit External Vowel Sandhi (Goldman, Lesson 3)

Front 1

-a/ā + i/ī-

Back 1

e

Front 2

-a/ā + u/ū-

Back 2

o

Front 3

-a/ā + ṛ/ṝ-

Back 3

ar

Front 4

-a/ā + e-

Back 4

ai

Front 5

-a/ā + ai-

Back 5

ai

Front 6

-a/ā + o-

Back 6

au

Front 7

-a/ā + au-

Back 7

au

Front 8

-e + a-

Back 8

-e + ’-

Front 9

-e + non-a-

Back 9

-a + non-a-

Front 10

-o + a-

Back 10

-o + ’-

Front 11

-o + non-a-

Back 11

-a + non-a-

Front 12

-ai + any vowel-

Back 12

-ā + any vowel-

Front 13

-au + any vowel-

Back 13

-āv + any vowel-

Front 14

Pragṛhya vowels (exceptions)

Back 14

i/ī, u/ū, e as dual endings

i/ī as endings of the pronoun amī (that, F.)

the vowels at the end of particles and interjections