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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Considerations |
• Can be difficult to see • Often occur at low densities • Direct observation • Indirect observation |
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Indirect Observation |
• Footprints and runways • Dung/Urine • Feeding signs • Fur • Counting calls |
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Direct Observation |
• Total count • Watching/ Observation |
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Direct methods |
• Night vision equipment for nocturnal species • Camera traps • Small mammal tracking tunnels |
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Badgers and Latrine surveys |
Peanuts Syrup Coloured plastic pellets • The home ranges of badgers can be mapped • Works best at high density populations • Requires 1 week of feeding • At least 1 week survey of latrines |
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Capture techniques |
• Longworth traps • Trip-Trap • Cage-traps |
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Line transect method |
• A measured line laid across the area in the direction of the environment gradient • All species touching the line are recorded along the whole length of the line or at specific points along the line • Measures presence or absence of species |
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Types of transect |
Intercept line transect - Continues recording along the transect line Point line transect - Record at intervals along the transect line Belt transect - Continuous recording industry quadrats along the transect line Ladder transect - Recording quadrats at individuals along the line |
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Belt transect method |
• Transect line is laid out and a quadrant is placed at each survey interval • Samples are identified and abundance is estimated - Animals are collected • Data collecting should be completed by an individual as estimates can vary person to person |
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Quadrats |
• Used to measure coverage and abundance of plants or animals • A grid of known size is laid out and all the organisms within each square are counted |
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Calls of mammals-focus bats |
• Communication calls can be used to identify species present • Determine distribution • Examine behaviour |
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Some points on the bats of Britain |
Dramatic population decline in last 50 years • Form maternity colonies during the summer months - A maternity colony can be split between a number of roost sites • Colonies tend to move roots often, the time spent in each roost depending on the species, and factors such as weather and food availability • All UK bats hibernate during winter, often in caves/mines |
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Listening to bar calls |
Four main components can be used to distinguish between species; 1. Repetition rate 2. Rhythm 3. Pitch 4. Tonal qualities |
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Use of transects |
• Transect line • A set time is walked in the evening • 200-400m length • Record number of bar calls and location along transect, record habitat changes |
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Triangle walk |
• Standard method • Designed to survey within each 1km2 on a 1:25 000 map • This mag not be suitable for all studies |
