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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Hellbenders and Giant Salamanders (Family) |
Cryptobranchidae 2 genera; 3 species external fertilization paedomorphic largest extant salamanders Range: eastern NA and Asia |
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Eastern Hellbender |
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis |
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Asian Salamanders (Family) |
Hynobiidae 9 genera; 59 species external fertilization 10-25 cm in length Range: Asia |
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Sirens (Family) |
Sirenidae 2 genera; 4 species external fertilization paedomorphic long slender bodies, reduced forelimbs, no back limbs external gills, keratinized beak, non-pedicellate teeth Range: Eastern NA |
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Newts (Family) |
Salamandridae 21 genera; 107 species internal fertilization variety of life history strategies (some give birth to live young) many species produce neurotoxic secretions Range: Western and eastern NA, Europe, Asia, Africa |
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Red-spotted Newt |
Notophthalmus viridescens Range: throughout Ohio |
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Mole Salamanders (Family) |
Ambystomatidae 1 genus; 32 species Internal fertilization Stout-bodied with large heads Many species spend most of their lives underground Some are paedomorphic Axolotls are permanently aquatic Most have biphasic life cycles Range: Most of NA |
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Streamside Salamander (no pic) |
Ambystoma barbouri Breed in headwater streams; lays single eggs under rocks Range: S.W. Ohio |
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Jefferson Salamander |
Ambystoma jeffersonianum Long fourth toe on back foot Breed in vernal pools in early spring Range: S to NE Ohio |
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Blue-spotted Salamander |
Ambystoma laterale Breed in vernal pools in spring Range: NW Ohio |
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Spotted Salamander |
Ambystoma maculatum Breed in early spring at vernal pools Egg masses are attached to twigs and submerged material Range: throughout Ohio |
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Marbled Salamander |
Ambystoma opacum Breeds in fall-winter Females guard eggs till rains come Range: S and NE Ohio |
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Small-mouthed Salamander |
Ambystoma texanum Breeds in vernal pools in early spring Egg masses tend to be smaller than Spotted and Jefferson egg masses |
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Eastern Tiger Salamander |
Ambystoma tigrinum Largest ambystomatid in Ohio Light colored lower lip Range: Random |
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Pacific Giant Salamanders (Family) |
Dicamptodontidae 1 genus; 4 species Internal fertilization Largest terrestrial salamanders (up to 35 cm) Range: West NA |
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Mudpuppies and Olms (Family) |
Proteidae 2 genera; 6 species Internal fertilization Paedomorphic Lack maxillary bones and have two pairs of larval gill slits Range: East NA and Europe |
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Common Mudpuppy |
Necturus maculosus External gills Four toes on hind feet Live in rivers & streams with rocky bottoms Juveniles- reddish external gills, two yellow stripes on back, and yellow speckles |
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Torrent Salamanders (Family) |
Rhyacotritonidae 1 genus; 4 species Internal fertilization Squared-off gland posterior to the vent in adult males Respire through skin but adults have vestigial lungs Range: West NA |
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Amphiumas (Family) |
Amphiumidae 1 genus; 3 species Internal fertilization Up to 1.1 m long Reduced limbs Range: East NA Eggs are laid in strands under logs Females guard eggs |
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Lungless Salamanders (Family) 66% of all salamanders |
Plethodontidae 27 genera; 443 species Internal fertilization Lungless Nasolabial groove Range: E & W NA, SA, Europe, and Asia |
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Green Salamanders |
Aneides aeneus Squared toes Direct development Range: South point of Ohio |
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Northern Dusky Salamander |
Desmognathus fuscus Neck wider than head White line from corner of eye to jaw Keeled tail Range: E and S Ohio |
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Allegheny Mountain Dusky Salamander |
Desmognathus ochrophaeus Neck wider than head White line from corner of eye to jaw Round tail Range: NE corner of Ohio |
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Northern Two-lined Salamander |
Eurycea bislineata Found along streams Eggs laid under rock Range: NE Ohio |
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Southern Two-lined Salamander |
Eurycea cirrigera Found along streams Breed in spring Range: South Ohio |
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Long-tailed Salamander |
Eurycea longicauda Tail longer than body Aquatic larvae Range: NE and S Ohio |
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Cave Salamander |
Eurycea lucifuga Found near caves and limestone outcrops Breed in summer and fall Aquatic larvae Range: SW corner of Ohio |
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Spring Salamander |
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus Canthus rostralis- light line running from eye to nostril Stream-type larvae Range: SE Ohio |
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Four-toed Salamander |
Hemidactylium scutatum Four toes on hind feet Constriction at the base of tail May drop tail Pond-type larvae Range: throughout Ohio |
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Eastern Red-backed Salamander |
Plethodon cinereus |
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Northern Ravine Salamander |
Plethodon electromorphus |
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Northern Slimy Salamander |
Plethodon glutinosus |
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Mud Salamander |
Pseudotriton montanus |
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Red Salamander |
Pseudotriton ruber |