Ruminants

Front 1

what is the definition of a ruminant

Back 1

mammal that chews the cud regurgitated from its rumen. The ruminants comprise the cattle, sheep, antelopes, deer, giraffes, and their relatives.

Hint 1

rumen is the first stomach of a ruminant, which receives food or cud from the esophagus

Front 2

cattle, sheep and goats have how many stomach compartments

Back 2

4. the first 3 are outpouching from the esophagus: rumen, reticulum and omasum. abomasum is considered the true stomach

Front 3

llamas have 3 stomachs and are called

Back 3

pseudoruminants

Front 4

what are the 2 types of cattle used by humans

Back 4

dairy and beef

Front 5

tool used to administer pills or magnets to livestock is

Back 5

balling gun , also called bolus gun

Hint 5

gun

Front 6

amount of time between birth of a calf and birth of the next one is called

Back 6

calving interval

Front 7

body of an animal after its been slaughtered is called

Back 7

carcass

Front 8

restraint method used to with ropes to get animal in lateral recumbency ( on the side ) is called

Back 8

casting

Front 9

first milk-like substance produced by the female which is thick, yellow and high in protein and antibodies is called

Back 9

colostrum

Hint 9

1st milk

Front 10

first offspring from purebred parents of different breeds or variety is called

Back 10

F1 generation

Front 11

confined area where an animal is fed until it is slaughtered is called

Back 11

feedlot

Front 12

act of increasing the feeding before breeding or embryo transfer to increase the # of ova released is called

Back 12

flushing

Front 13

maggot infestation is called

Back 13

fly strike

Front 14

bull used to detect females in heat where the penis might be surgically deviated to the side or vasectomized is called

Back 14

gomer bull or teaser bull

Front 15

individual housing pen for calves and other small animals like rabbits is called

Back 15

hutch

Front 16

offspring resulting in the mating of 2 different species is called a

Back 16

hybrid

Front 17

the tendency of a crossbred individual to show qualities superior to those of both parents

Back 17

hybrid vigor and also called heterosis

Front 18

lead rope is

Back 18

piece of rope or leather attached via a clasp to a halter

Front 19

charged metal device used to prevent hardware disease . Given orally and placed in the reticulum

Back 19

magnet

Hint 19

they eat anything off the ground there could be wire, nails etc..

Front 20

disorder mainly of dairy cows in late pregnancy or early lactation. It is a metabolic disease caused by a low blood calcium level

Back 20

milk fever , also called Parturient paresis

Front 21

bloodless castration by crushing the spermatic cord using a emasculatome is called

Back 21

pinch

Front 22

underdeveloped horns that are not attached to the skull

Back 22

scurs

Front 23

somatic cell count is

Back 23

indicator of quality of milk by determination of number of white cells ( leukocytes ) to test for mastitis

Hint 23

quality of milk

Front 24

the phase of estrus where female bovine will stand to be mounted is called

Back 24

standing heat

Front 25

distal part of bovine tail that consist of long coarse hairs is called

Back 25

switch

Front 26

tailing , also called tail jack is

Back 26

restraint technique used in cattle where the tailhead ( tail ) is grasped and raised vertically

Hint 26

restraint technique

Front 27

tie stall is

Back 27

stall only large enough for one animal which is usually tied by a neck chain ( cattle) or halter ( horse)

Front 28

milk solids is

Back 28

portion of milk that is left after water is removed

Hint 28

includes protein and fat

Front 29

milk veins, also called mammary veins is

Back 29

veins found on the ventral part of the abdomen

Hint 29

milk sac

Front 30

milk yield is

Back 30

amount of milk produced in a given period

Hint 30

amount

Front 31

passage way that takes milk from the teat cistern to the outside is called

Back 31

streak canal or

papillary duct or

teat canal

Hint 31

3 different names

Front 32

metal cup used with a lid to detect mastitis is called

Back 32

strip cup

Front 33

supernumerary teats is

Back 33

more then the normal amount of teats

Front 34

teat cistern is

Back 34

cavity inside the teat where milk is secreted before leaving the teat

Hint 34

cavity inside nipple

Front 35

teat dipping is

Back 35

submerging or spraying nipple with antiseptic to prevent development of mastitis

Hint 35

in prevention to mastitis

Front 36

teat stripping is

Back 36

removing milk from the teat at the top between the thumb and the forefinger and then pulling downwards to remove milk

Hint 36

also called stripping

Front 37

udder is

Back 37

milk production organ in ruminants and equine species

Hint 37

milk production

Front 38

act of chewing cud is called

Back 38

cudding

Hint 38

cud is regurgitated food particles

Front 39

dental pad is

Back 39

hard surface of the upper mouth of the cattle that serves for upper teeth

Front 40

feed , also called feedstuff is

Back 40

any dietary component that provides nutrients

Front 41

act of feeding beef cattle high quality feed before being slaughtered to increase carcass quality is called

Back 41

finishing

Front 42

fibrous indigestible material in food that aids the passage of food and waste products through the gut. is called

Back 42

roughage

Hint 42

also called forage

Front 43

sheep usually give birth to how many lambs

Back 43

2-3

Hint 43

sheep usually give birth to twins rather then single lambs

Front 44

process of clipping wool from dock, udder and vulva of a sheep is called

Back 44

crutching

Front 45

docking means

Back 45

removal of the distal part of the tail , also means reducing in value

Hint 45

short docking reduces in value as it causes rectum prolapses ( usually done just ofr looks ), long docking is better , where its cut 2 inches further

Front 46

felting means

Back 46

wool fibers interlocked when rubbed together under heat, moisture and pressure

Hint 46

ex: needle felting

Front 47

another term for wool is

Back 47

fleece

Front 48

lanolin is

Back 48

fatty, yellowish substance that comes from the wool of sheep. It is excreted by the sebaceous glands on their skin, and acts as waterproofing so they don't get cold.

Hint 48

also called wool grease

Front 49

adult sheep meat is called

Back 49

mutton

Front 50

sheep rumping or tipping is what kind of restraint method

Back 50

by placing them in the sitting position with the front legs elevated

Front 51

to shave off wool or hair is called

Back 51

shear

Front 52

term used to remove horn growth in calves by use of a hot iron or caustic substance

Back 52

disbud

Hint 52

also called debudding

caustic = able to burn or corrode through by chemical action

Front 53

flesh hanging from the throat area in chicken,turkeys and goats is called

Back 53

a wattle

Front 54

what species are part of the Camelid family

Back 54

llamas

alpacas

vicunas

guancos

Hint 54

4

Front 55

difference between llamas and Alpacas is

Back 55

Llamas is larger species with less desirable wool where Alpacas are smaller and have hight quality wool

Hint 55

size and wool quality

Front 56

difference between Guancos and Vicunas

Back 56

Vicunas is the smallest and rarest with fine high quality wool, where a Guancos is slightly smaller then llamas and undomesticated

Hint 56

size and wool quality + in the Camelid there is 1 breed out of the 4 that is undomesticated

Front 57

copulation term for llamas is

Back 57

cushing

Front 58

fighting teeth in llamas is

Back 58

set of 6 teeth in llamas

upper and lower canine on each side ( 4 ) + upper vestigial incisor (2)

Hint 58

cannine teeth and frontal teeth

Front 59

Bovine Respiratory syncytial virus vaccine is for

Back 59

Paramyxovirus infection

associated with fatal pneumonia

Hint 59

abbreviated BRSV or RSV

Front 60

Bovine viral diarrhea vaccine is for

Back 60

virus infection in bovine thats associated with acute stomatitis, gastroenteritis and diarrhea

Hint 60

abbreviated BVD

Front 61

Clostridial disease vaccine is

Back 61

group of bacterial infectious conditions wich includes black leg, malignant edema, pulpy kidney and overeating disease

Hint 61

caused by various species of clostridium bacterium

Front 62

infectious bovine rhinotracheitis vaccine is

Back 62

herpes virus infection of bovine thats associated with fever, anorexia, cough, tachypnea ( abnormaly rapid breathing)

Hint 62

abbreviated IBR

Front 63

Leptospirosis vaccine is

Back 63

bacterial disease where signs include: renal failure, jaundice, fever and abortion

Hint 63

caused by the bacterium Leptospira

Front 64

Parainfluenza vaccine is

Back 64

paramyxovirus infection associated with fever, cough and diarrhea

Hint 64

part of the shipping fever complex abbreviated PI-3

Front 65

tetanus vaccine is

Back 65

highly fatal bacterial disease associated with hyperesthesia, tetany, and convulsions, also called lockjaw

Hint 65

caused by toxins from bacterium clostridium tetani

Front 66

vibriosis vaccine is for

Back 66

fetus bacterial infection thats associated with infertility and irregular estrus cycles