Rotation: Nuclear Medicine Part 2

Front 1

What image do you go to for PET

Back 1

Pet Batch

Front 2

After making the PET Batch image fill the entire screen what is the next step

Back 2

go to processing and then 3d
then right click on image and hit angiography
Then click off the green box icon (makes the green box surrounding the image disappear) then. Once the image is up hit Cine and play for the image to rotate.

Front 3

What is brought up on another screen

Back 3

a full screen axial CT

Front 4

Once CT is brought up on the other screen what it the next step

Back 4

go to processing and then hit MPR

Front 5

How is the PET batch and the CT superimposed

Back 5

by hitting control and click on CT screen then while holding control down click on the PET batch image then go to the arrow in the upper right hand corner and hit 7d fusion.

Front 6

What is a common finding after breast surgery

Back 6

a seroma.

Front 7

Can brown fat be in the intervetebral spaces

Back 7

yes

Front 8

What are the energies given of by indium

Back 8

174/247

Front 9

What is the half-life of indium

Back 9

68h

Front 10

What type of radiotracers use medium energy colliminators

Back 10

gallium and indium

Front 11

What type of tracer uses a higher energy colliminator

Back 11

technicium

Front 12

Where do the photons come from that hit the crystal

Back 12

the radiotracer within the patient

Front 13

What is scintillation

Back 13

This is the conversion of the energy of the photon to light

Front 14

How does the gamma camera work?

Back 14

colliminator channels protons at right angles which leave the radiotracer (inside the pt). The photons become scintillated. (tranformed into light) This occurs when it hits the crystal

Front 15

Where does the light (created from the photon) go after it is created?

Back 15

it goes to a photomultiplier which creates an avalange (amplification caused by cascading electrons) and then there is electric output to the computer which somehow creates a picture based on the light energy in a X-Y coordinate system.

Front 16

Does a higher energy colliminator like for technicium have thin or thick septations

Back 16

thin

Front 17

What is the photopeak of I131

Back 17

384

Front 18

What is the physiologic activity seen in an octreotide scan?

Back 18

thryoid, liver, spleen, kidney, bowel, bladder

Front 19

In a 24h octreotide study how do you exam the study

Back 19

just look at the 4 view image.

Front 20

What is seen in the posterior view on a v/q scan with a pleural effusion

Back 20

decreased activity bc pt is supine and there is layering of the fluid

Front 21

Do you see the heart with a hida scan

Back 21

yes if there is slow clearance by the liver

Front 22

What is brighter on a gallium scan; liver or spleen

Back 22

the liver the spleen is barely seen

Front 23

Can you see the kidneys in a gallium scan

Back 23

barely visible if at all (less prominent than bone scan)

Front 24

What is seen in a 111 oxime WBC scan

Back 24

central bone marrow and spleen greater than liver

Front 25

When doing a renogram how do you determine if there is a perfusion problem

Back 25

look at the kidney in the composite (average of 4 frames) the kidney should be brighter than the aorta

Front 26

How do you determine if initial extraction is good

Back 26

look at 1st kidney on the flow diagram and it should be bright

Front 27

How do you determine cortical retention?

Back 27

look at the last couple kidneys on the function chart and they should be dark

Front 28

What are the markers on the thryoid scan

Back 28

they are marked 5cm apart and one at the suprasternal knotch

Front 29

What is the normal GFR for atn that is hepatorenal syndrome

Back 29

usually not less than 20ml/min (but may be chronic diseased superimposed)

Front 30

Do 72h octreotide scans have spect

Back 30

yes (48h otreotides do not have spect)

Front 31

When comparing a 24h and 48h gallium study how is it done

Back 31

compare the 4 view images side to side.

Front 32

What does the term intrinsic refer to

Back 32

detector without collimnator

Front 33

What does the term extrinsic refer too

Back 33

dector without a collimnatoR

Front 34

What is non-linearity

Back 34

the straight lines are curved

Front 35

How is non-uniformity evaluated

Back 35

by floods

Front 36

What are two tpes of uniformity that is evaluated

Back 36

extrinsic and intrinsic uniformity

Front 37

What is flood done for ?

Back 37

if there is non-uniformity can correct with calculations that is obtained during flood

Front 38

What is peaking

Back 38

gamma camera adjustment that for callibrating the energy for a specific radiotracer

Front 39

What influences spatial resolution

Back 39

depends on crystal thickness, photomultiplier tube and collimnator

Front 40

Does collimator resolution effect spatial resolution

Back 40

yes

Front 41

What are 4 types of collimator

Back 41

parallel, converging, diverging, pinhole

Front 42

how is energy resolution improved

Back 42

the photopeak must be adjusted to be with 20% range of the photopeak of the tracer

Ie tcm 99m 140 (100-180)

Front 43

What is checked on the gamma camera daily?
2

Back 43

peak
uniformity

Front 44

What is checked on the gamma camera every two weeks
4

Back 44

center of rotation
spatial resolution
linearity

Front 45

What is the calculation for dosing iodine

Back 45

weight of gland/uptake (convert to proper units by moving decimal place 3 to the left)

Front 46

What causes decreased activity posterior on a v/q scan

Back 46

this is bc pt is lying down and if they have a pleural effusin it will layer out

Front 47

What is an indication of slow clearance of a hida scan

Back 47

if the heart is bright at 5 min

Front 48

Why is I131 used after a thyroidectomy

Back 48

to kill remaining tissue

Front 49

How do you differentiate a gallium study from a bone scan

Back 49

wont see kidney or very faintly on gallium study