Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What were the prevalent textiles used in Roman apparel? |
Wool was mostly used in Roman clothing. Linen was used moreselectively for garments worn in warmer weather or for underclothing. Cottonwas imported in the second century BCE and blended with other fibers to adddurability. By the imperial period when the Roman Empire extended intoMesopotamia, silk was imported from Asia in great quantities. |
|
|
How did these fabrics differ from what the Etruscans preferred? |
Cotton and silk were not commonly available to the Etruscans beforetheir city-states were annexed by Rome. Unlike with the Etruscans, Romanspreferred fabrics without a profusion of textile patterns. |
|
|
How were they similar? |
Both Etruscans and Romans readily donned clothing made of vividlydyed fabrics. The finer grades of wool and linen were reserved for the upperclasses while lower castes wore coarser fabrics. |
|
|
What elements of thesilhouette of the toga make it unique to Roman costume? |
The toga was draped according to a strictprotocol. The enormous piece of fabric was first folded and then wrapped aboutthe body to create a double tier of material. In the front a swag of draperycalled the sinus covered the legs and at the chest a second swag of fabriccreated a sort of pocket called the umbo. No fasteners were used. The toga wasalmost always of white wool. The exceptions included the addition of the claviand striped patterns worn by augers |
|
|
Compare the different waysin which the toga, pallium, laena and lacerna were worn. |
The toga was draped in a standardized method that created specificfolds and drapery without the use of any fasteners. The pallium could bewrapped about the figure in any manner wished and could be pinned in place. Thelaena was a circle of cloth folded in half and worn as a short cape. Thelacerna was a long, rectangular outerwear wrap cut with rounded edges. |
|
|
How was the use of the toga different from the pallium, laena and lacerna garments? |
The toga was a principal component of the masculine costume wornyear round. The pallium, laena, and lacerna were all worn exclusively asouterwear primarily in cold or inclement weather. |
|
|
How were the costumes ofRoman women similar to those of Greek women and how did they differ? Identifythe garments of both cultures by their respective names. |
Women of both Greek and Roman cultures wore costumes of layeredpieces. Greek women wore the unconstructed chiton, which was pinned and girdedabout the body, whereas Roman women wore the cut-and-sewn tunica called astola. Sleeves of the Greek chiton were created from the opening of the topedge, while the sleeve openings of the Roman stola were cut at the sides. To gooutdoors, Greek women wore a wrap called a himation, which after the secondcentury BCE, Roman women adopted and renamed the palla. Greek women wore noundergarments but Roman women wore several including a chemise-like under tunic(subucula), a brassiere (mamillare), and briefs (subligaculum). |
|
|
Compare how costumes of Roman and Greek women reflected their role insociety? |
Roman women were not required to live secluded, subordinate lives ofdomesticity as were Greek women. Whereas Greek women might completely veilthemselves with a himation to go into public, Roman women were not so restricted.Only Roman matrons traditionally wore a veil as an identity of their status asmater familias. Roman women also wore vividly colored accessories, an abundanceof jewelry and elaborate coiffures into public, which Greek women would haveregarded as brazen. Further, appearing in public without shoes indicated a lowcaste for Roman women but not for Greek women. |
|
|
What were some of the cross-cultural influences of Roman dress and fromwhere did they originate? |
From the Etruscans came the tunica, toga (originally the tebenna),and subligaculum (originally the perizoma); from Greece came the himation; fromDamatia came the dalmatic; from Gaul came the feminalia. |
|
|
Under what circumstanceswere cross-cultural influences introduced into Roman culture? |
As conquered nations were annexed, immigrants and enslaved massesflooded into Rome bringing with them native customs and costumes. |
