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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Igneous Rock
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Igneous rocks form from the cooling of lava or magma. |
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Intrusive |
Intrusive rocks are igneous rocks formed by magma cooling slowly beneath Earth’s surface. |
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Extrusive |
Extrusive igneous rocks are formed from lava that erupted onto Earth’s surface. |
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Cooling |
the process that forms igneous rocks |
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Magma or Lava |
Molten material |
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Granite |
An intrusive slow cooling rock with large-grains. |
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Basalt |
The most common extrusive rock is Basalt found on the oceanic crust. |
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Pumice |
These rocks do not contain crystals, so they are considered to have a texture referred to as vesicular. |
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obsidian |
This rock is an Extrusive rock and it is a glassy rock with no grains, which means its fast cooling. |
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Fine Grained |
Small grains in a rock that are barely visible. |
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Coarse-Grained |
Large grains or crystals on the rock. |
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Vesicular |
Has many holes in it and it would be glassy. |
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Glassy |
Smooth and shiny with no grains. |
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Sedimentary Rock |
formed by the deposition and subsequent cementation of that material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water. |
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Sediment |
Rock that has formed through the deposition and solidification of sediment, |
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Clastic |
composed of fragments, or clasts, of pre-existing minerals and rock. |
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Organic |
The hard parts of animals, such as bones and shells, can become cemented together over time to make rock. |
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Chemical |
Chemical sedimentary rocks form by precipitation of minerals from water. Precipitation is when dissolved materials come out of water. |
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Weathering |
is the breaking down of rocks, soil, and minerals as well as wood and artificial materials |
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Erosion |
type of weathering in which surface soil and rock are worn away through the action of glaciers, water, and wind. |
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Depostion |
in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to a landform or land mass. |
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compaction |
Compaction is the process in which sediment is squeezed and in which the size of the pore space between sediment grains is reduced by the weight and pressure of overlying layers. |
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cementation |
Cementation is the process in which sediments are glued together by minerals that are deposited by water. |
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Sandstone |
is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized minerals or rock grains. |
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Conglomerate |
is a coarse-grained clastic sedimentary rock that is composed of a substantial fraction |
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Coal |
is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentaryrock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins calledcoal beds or coal seams. |
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Halite |
orms isometric crystals. ... It commonly occurs with other evaporite deposit minerals such as several of the sulfates, halides, and borates. |
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In what type of environment is sandstone formed in? |
these are the most common minerals in the Earth's crust. |
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Metamorphic rock |
Rock that was once one form of rock but has changed to another under the influence of heat, pressure, or some other agent without passing through a liquid phase. |
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Existing Rock |
Magma: Definition & Formation. Detrital & Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Definition & Differences. Rock Cycle: Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic Rocks. |
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Foilated |
Foliation in geology refers to repetitive layering in metamorphic rocks. |