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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Meccan vs Medinan |
Meccan: Chapters are at the end, they’re shorter and more accommodating. These areuniversal usually. These aren’t violent because Muhammad was in mecca trying to gainfollowers, so it’s more accommodating to religions. Medinan: chapters are at the beginning, they’re longer, more violent. These were writtenduring the time when Muhammad escaped, longer, more complex. Greater interactionwith Judaism and Christianity. |
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Abyssinian empire |
christian/ethopian empire-majority of area pagen, christian |
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Byzantine Empire |
christian empire, had its foot in surrounding area |
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Adhan |
call for prayer |
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Allah |
God, Scared name |
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forbidden food for muslims |
blood swine meat not properly sacrificed food scarified in any other name than Allah's |
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Apostolic Decree |
council of Jerusalem (50 CE) what foods are not okay for Christians to eat similar rules to Qur'anic rules |
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Book of Jubilees |
2nd century BCE Jewish text found in Ethiopian orthodox christian Bible Genesis- with more detail (Abraham converts from paganism to absolute monotheism) |
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Five Pillars of Islam |
Testimony of faith(Shahadah) prayer(Salat) giving to the poor(zakah) fasting(Ramadan) Pilgrimage to Mecca(Haji) |
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Dhikr |
"remembrance" devotional acts in Islam in which sort phrases or prayers are repeatedly recited silently within the heart or aloud |
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Din |
refers to the path along which righteous Muslims travel in order to comply with divine law, or Shari'a, and to the divine judgement or recompense to which all humanity must inevitably face without intercessors before God |
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Yawm Ad-Din |
God is merciful but god is just. "Day of Judgement" This is apocalyptic, the final judgement, the resurrection, end of time |
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Hadith |
Traditions that are not contained in the Quran that are viewed as authoritative in Islam. These have many stories about Muhammad some stories are viewed as more reliable than others. This is the core that Muslims consider to be their main text. written around 700 AD |
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Halal |
Anything okay for Muslims to do or eat 'Kosher' for Muslims |
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Hajj |
Pilgrimage to Mecca Muslims are supposed to take once in their lives |
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Hijra |
Emigration "year of flight" |
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Id al-Fitr |
"The exemption" end of the 30 day fast feast that follows the period of fasting |
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Infancy Gospel of Thomas |
was a text written about Jesus when he was a child Turning clay birds into real birds(giving life) Quran references this |
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Khadija |
Muhammad's wife wealthy widow 15 years older |
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Jinn |
Genies made out of fire free will judged with the humans |
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Majunn |
possessed |
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Hawa |
poetic inspiration |
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Jizya |
special ta in order to live in Muslim lands (if not muslim) with certain protection |
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Dhimmis |
Sharia: Jews and Christians=protected ones but with limited rights can't convert Muslims second class citizens pay jizya |
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Kaaba |
Pagens go on pilgrimage worship cube |
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Jihad |
Muslim crusade(holy war) Greater jihad: conquering yourself, spiritual struggle of thoughts Lesser jihad: militant, violent fight |
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Quran |
Bible for Islam primary source everything considered accurate and true |
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Minaret |
Distinctive architectural feature of mosques used for the call to prayer(adham) |
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Night of Power and Excellence |
610 Muhammad received the first revelation |
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People of the book |
Jew Christians |
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Qiblah |
"Direction" to pray facing to maecca |
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Ramadan |
9 month of th eIslam year where Muslims dont eat or drink at night commemorates the nigth of power and excellence read the whole Quran |
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Tawhid |
Absolute Monotheism |
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Raham |
mercy |
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Sura |
Chapters within the Quran |
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Ayat |
"sign" indicates something beyond itself implicit (an image) or linguistic sign in nature |
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Quraysh |
Muhammad's prominent tride he was born into |
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Abraham in the Quran |
his son is supposed to be the patriarch of Islam |
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610 CE |
The night of power and excellence Muhammad saw first revelation from Allah |
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622 CE |
Year 1 in Muslim calender Muhammad kicked out of Mecca for idol business preaching in medina, establishes Islam expanded and took over Mecca |
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Rabbinic parallels with the Quran |
believed God was speaking with angels during creation |
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Iblis/shaytan |
exception to the angels, it doesn't follow God doesn't bow down to abraham spirit doesn't have free will shaytan- another name for the devil |
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Angels |
Spiritual they have no free will and are made out of light |
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Sharia |
Islamic law dictates dress code use Quran Hadith legal experts |
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done |
done |
