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115 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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when is the start of a complete physical |
Eleven years old to fourteen years old
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How often should adolescents get a complete physical
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Three visits: 11 to 14, 15 to 17, and 18 to 21
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What is included in a complete physical exam
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Height and weight
Check for eating disorders Skin exam Oral exam Hearing Abuse neglect depression Blood pressureAnd vital signs |
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What are the two vaccines against HPV
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gardasil and cervarix
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gardisil |
HPV vaccine for ages 11 to 26
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cervarix |
HPV vaccine for ages 10 to 25
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How often should adolescents get HPV vaccination
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Series of 3
month 0,2 and 6 |
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When the syphilis screening for male and females begin
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When sexually active
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What is the most common cancer in adolescence
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Testicular cancer
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when should screening for HIV |
Depending on the level of sexual activity or iv drug use
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When is the meningococcal vaccine administered
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Ages 11 to 18
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How often do you revaccinating for meningococcal
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It's controversial revaccination be done once after for high-risk individuals for example college freshman living in dorms after five years from the last vaccine
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When do you start the influenza vaccine
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Six months
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When you start the pneumococcal vaccine
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Ages 19 to 64 smoker or asthma
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How often do you repeat PPD testing
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Every two years if you're at risk or with any exposure to tuberculosis
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How often do young adults get a complete physical exam
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Every 5 to 6 years after the age of 20
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One or something soon including examination of a young female adult
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Pap smear with GC and chlamydia
HPV Self breast exams Clinical breast exams |
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Was should've Pap smear begin
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At the age of 21
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Which cytology is better to be used in the 20s
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Conventional
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How often should clinical breast exams be performed
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Every three years and then annually starting at 40
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and what age group do you start to assess blood pressure |
Young adults aged 20 to 39
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What do you start assessing for total cholesterol at HDL or a full fasting panel
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Young adults aged 20 to 39 maybe even earlier this family history
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How often do you do it total cholesterol HDL
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Every five years or less cholesterol is greater than 200
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One does dental cleaning and checkup begin
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Young adults aged 20 to 39
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In comparison to adolescence what other assessments should be done in young adults
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Include blood pressure total cholesterol self-skin exams dental cleaning and checkup
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In comparison to adolescents and young adults what assessments should be included in that middle aged adults
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Mammography prostate exams EKG colorectal cancer screening of glaucoma screening
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Self breast exams are not indicated in this age but clinical breast exams still persists
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Middle aged 40 to 59
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When does mammography begin
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At age 40
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How often should you get a mammography
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Every once in two years for women ages 40 to 49 spent annually for ages 50 to 74 war as long as in good health
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What is the number one killer of adults
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Heart disease
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What are the top four killers of adults in order
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Heart disease called rectal cancer lower respiratory disease including COPD asthma flu and stroke
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Understanding what the top killers in adults are what is important to manage to prevent this
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Management bollocks syndrome because it is cardioembolic in nature
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When does digital exam begins for prostate cancer
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Age 40
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When do you begin prostate surface antigen exam
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Age 40 for men with this family history of prostate cancer or if they're African-American if no risk factors begin at age 50
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Aldermen 50 years of age should have
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Digital exam and PSA
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What should you get a baseline EKG
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H 40
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Second leading cause of cancer death
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Callo rectal cancer
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How often should fecal occult blood test
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Annually after 50
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How often for a flexible sigmoidoscopy
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Every five years after 50
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How often for a total: examination by colonoscopy
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Every 10 years starting at 50 and if you using double contrast barium enema every 5 to 10 years
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What should you get a baseline glaucoma screening
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40
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zostavax |
Herpes zosterr vaccine
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Wednesday begin prevention of shingles
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At the age of 50 gives zostavax
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Leading gynecological cancer
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Overian
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Cancer with the highest incidence in women
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Breast
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Cancer but the highest mortality
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Lung
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Number one killer of African-American
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Heart disease
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What is included in the risk assessments for elderly adults
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Laboratory assessments in the physical exam
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Went should Pap smears be discontinued
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At the age of 65 to 70 if there are three consecutive normal cytology tests and no abnormal tests in the past 10 years
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What exams do you discontinue in elderly adults
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Discontinue Pap smears if they're consecutive normal psychology everything else is continued self breast exams already discontinued
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Vaccination that is not i given in elder
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tdap |
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To find sensitivity
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So positive the degree in which the bills will have a disease will test positive
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Define specificity
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Chew negative the degree to which those who do not have the disease test negative
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What does this statement mean that Alayssa test is 99.9% sensitive
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It means that 99.9% of the time the positives patients will test positive but you cannot confirm that 0.1 is negative
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Defined incidents
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The frequency in which a disease or disorder appears in a particular population or area at a given time it is the rate in which new cases occur during a specific time.
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Give an example of incidents
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20 cases of botulism for 500,000 people were reported in Alaska 10 2010
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Defined prevalence
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The proportion of the population that is affected by the disease or disorder at a particular time
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Give an example of prevalence
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The prevalence of lupus in women living in Illinois during 2010 was less than 1%
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Major causes of mortality and adolescents
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Motor vehicle accidents suicide accidents homicide malignancy cardiovascular or congenital disease
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Major cause of death in young adults
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Motor vehicle accidents homicide suicide injury heart disease aids
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Heart disease is a major cause of death in which age group
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Of young adults aged 20 to 39
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Leading killer and African-Americans less than 40
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aids |
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Leading killer of African-American men less than 35
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Homicide
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Major causes of death in middle aged adults
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Heart disease accident lung cancer s stroke brest and colorectal cancer COPD
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Major cause of death in the elderly
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Heart disease stroke COPD pneumonia or influenza lung and colorectal cancer
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Knowing that pneumonia influence is a major cause of death in the elderly what should you do when treating a patient with pneumonia or influence
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You should hospitalize them do not discharge them on oral medications monitor them in the hospital
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primary prevention include
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Measures to promote health prior to the onset of any recognizable problem
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Examples of health promotion prevention
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Healthy diet exercise avoiding smoking wearing seatbelts immunizations vaccinations safety initiatives
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What's a secondary prevention focus on
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Early identification and treatment of existing problems
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Examples of secondary prevention
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Pap smear prostate cancer screening cholesterol screening
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Pap smear is an example of what level of prevention
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Second
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What are tertiary prevention
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Rehab and restoration of health
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Give examples of tertiary prevention
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Cardiac rehabilitation following and my physical therapy following motor vehicle accident
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What percentage of your meal should be carbohydrates
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55 to 60%
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What percentage of you are meals should be fats
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To less than 30% of your total calories with less than 10% being saturated fats
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How much protein should you have daily
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0.8 to 1 g per kilogram per day and the sicker the patients the higher their protein needs
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What it effects of exercise
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Decreases low density lipoprotein's
Increases basal metabolic rate Reduces stress Improves cardiovascular fitnessDecreases signs of aging |
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what is the recommendation from the American Heart Association in terms of exercise |
Exercise should be performed at least 30 minutes or more on most days of the week does not have to be at the same time can be 15 minutes in the morning 15 minutes at night
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Patients over 35 left never had a program of exercise should have the following before starting an exercise program
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Complete history
And physical exam Exercise stress test |
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Antigen
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Capable of inducing specific immune response
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Antibodies
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Molecules made in reaction to an antigen
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Active immunity
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From antibody formation stimulated with a specific antigen suggest typhoid fever immunization and toxoids
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Passive immunity
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Introduction of antibody proteins such as gammaglobulin injections or from maternal immunity transferred to the fetus
igG, hbig |
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Who should get the pneumococcal vaccine
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65 and over
19 to 64 from smoke or have asthma People with long hard liver or kidney disease Chronic long-term diseases or conditionsLike diabetes pseudocyst sickle cellCochlear implant alcoholism People with weakened immune system due to conditions and diseases like Hodgkin's disease leukemia HIV kidney failure spleen damage organs transplant Patient to take medications that we can do immune system like chemotherapy long-term steroids radiation Living in a nursing home or Longfork care Home |
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Will should consider receiving hepatitis a vaccine
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Military travelers to endemic areas men who have sex sex with men
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We'll should consider getting the hepatitis B vaccine
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All healthcare workers high-risk patients including sexually active
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Mumps vaccine
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If you have one before 1957 consider one dose unless evidence of immunity
Unless immune employ 2 doses during mumps outbreak Is .0 or after 1957 two doses of vaccine unless immunity can be documented |
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What is important to understand about the serology of the mumps vaccine
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Postvaccination symbology can be negative vaccination gives lower and two buddy titers the natural infection
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Meningococcal vaccine is approved for what ages
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2 to 55
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caution when taking St. John's wort |
Clotting do not take with aspirin and warfarin many drug interactions caution with surgical patients because of the risk of clotting and increase effective of narcotics
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leading cause of death |
heart disease |
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leading cause of cancer death |
lung (no mater wat gender) |
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life expectacy |
78.5 yrs |
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most common ca (prevelance) |
skin ca |
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most common skin ca |
basal cell cancer |
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skin ca that causes the most deaths |
melanoma |
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most common ca in men (preveleance) |
prostate |
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most common ca in women prevelence |
breast |
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downfall of a highly sensitive test |
has a high false positive |
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risk factor for colorectal ca |
increasing age |
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is PSA reccomended for prostate ca |
no |
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when is psa used |
males diagnosed or undergoing treatmet for prostate ca its used for survellience |
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skin ca screening is reccomended for |
children adolesce an young adults age 10-24 with air skin |
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what educaion do you give those at riskf or skin ca |
acoid sunlight between 10am to 4om use spf 15 or higher protective clothing wide prim hats |
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risk factors for breast ca |
age 50 + previous history family hx 2 or more first degree relative long exposure to estrogen: early menarch, late menopause and nulliparity obesity (adipose tissue can make small amounts of estrogen) |
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risk for cervical ca |
multiple sex parterns (more than 4) young age o onset of sex immunosupress smoke |
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risk for colorect ca |
hx of familila polyposis first degree relaive ith colan ca chrones |
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if youv only received 1 dose of epatitis b what should you do? |
do not restart continue until 3 total |
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safety precaution for fl vaccine |
dont give kids aspirin within 4 weeks antivirals wil interfere so avoid 48hrs before and 14 days after vaccination avoid in egg alergy, gentamycin or gellain allergy in children adolescent receivng aspirin therapy |
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contraindication to flu vaccine |
pregnanc chronic disease (immunosupressed) chidlren on aspirin therapy 2-17 |
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youngest age lfu vaccine can be given |
6mo |
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when do we give booster tetanus |
dirty contaminated wounds if last dose was more than 5 yrs |
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when do you start using Td for tetanus |
7yrs +
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CI to tetanus vaccine |
egg allergy or hx of guillain barre syndrom |
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pneumovax |
65 and older no booster |
