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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who was Cardinal Richelieu?
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1585-1642. Almost an exact contemporary of Grotius.
He was a bishop, member of state department, a cardinal, and finally Chief Minister to Louis XIII. |
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What was his philosophy?
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He favored reason over force, but raison detat always took priority in his politics.
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What were the political problems he had to deal with?
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1. Weak monarchy
2. Personal enemies 3. Poor economy 4. France's weak international position |
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What were Richelieu's main objectives?
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1. Unite France under a strong monarchy
2. Create peace throughout Christendom |
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What were his methods to achieve his two main goals?
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1. Increase French military might
2. Create a balance of power among Christians with France at the center 3. Weaken the Habsburgs All of these methods ran on diplomacy |
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What is Richelieu's key work?
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Testament Politique
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What did Richelieu constantly emphasize when talking about diplomacy?
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Constant negotiation.
"States receive so much benefit from uninterrupted foreign negotiations... that it is unvelievable unless it is known from experience." |
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What is "constant negotiation?"
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1. Having diplomats everywhere at all times
2. Endlessly pursuing agreement on issues |
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Why should ambassadors engage in constant negotiations and regular debates with foreign governments?
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1. Language and reason have power.
2. It can increase the chance of favorable agreements 3. it can buy time 4. It helps avoid unpleasant surprises 5. It gains and maintains prestige for the state and King "Authority constrains obedience, but reason captivates it." |
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What are the sources of a monarch's power?
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1. Prestige
2. Soldiers 3. Money 4. Loyalty of his people |
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What was Richelieu's negotiating method?
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1. Negotiations must be directed from home by a single mind, or it won't be effective.
2. Different situations require different approaches. 3. Don't remain immobile (contrary to Gucciardini) waiting for the ripe moment, you will lose momentum. Create the ripe moment if you have to. |
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What does Richelieu think about keeping promises?
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He disagrees with Machiavelli on this point. A prince should keep his promises the same way people should keep promises to each other.
"Kings should be very careful with regard to the treaties they conclude, but having concluded them they should observe them religiously." "The loss of honor is worse than the loss of life itself." |
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If negotiations fail, is it a bad thing?
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Richelieu thinks that failed negotiations are "innocuous remedies which never do harm." Gucciardi would disagree, since failed negotiations can cause future diplomatic problems.
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